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Marble Faun, The
VOLUME I   VOLUME I - CHAPTER IV - THE SPECTRE OF THE CATACOMB
Nathaniel Hawthorne
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       _ Surely, she cannot be lost!" exclaimed Kenyon. "It is but a moment since
       she was speaking."
       "No, no!" said Hilda, in great alarm. "She was behind us all; and it is
       a long while since we have heard her voice!"
       "Torches! torches!" cried Donatello desperately. "I will seek her, be
       the darkness ever so dismal!"
       But the guide held him back, and assured them all that there was no
       possibility of assisting their lost companion, unless by shouting at the
       very top of their voices. As the sound would go very far along these
       close and narrow passages, there was a fair probability that Miriam might
       hear the call, and be able to retrace her steps.
       Accordingly, they all--Kenyon with his bass voice; Donatello with his
       tenor; the guide with that high and hard Italian cry, which makes the
       streets of Rome so resonant; and Hilda with her slender scream, piercing
       farther than the united uproar of the rest--began to shriek, halloo, and
       bellow, with the utmost force of their lungs. And, not to prolong the
       reader's suspense (for we do not particularly seek to interest him in this
       scene, telling it only on account of the trouble and strange entanglement
       which followed), they soon heard a responsive call, in a female voice.
       "It was the signorina!" cried Donatello joyfully.
       "Yes; it was certainly dear Miriam's voice," said Hilda. "And here she
       comes! Thank Heaven! Thank Heaven!"
       The figure of their friend was now discernible by her own torchlight,
       approaching out of one of the cavernous passages. Miriam came forward,
       but not with the eagerness and tremulous joy of a fearful girl, just
       rescued from a labyrinth of gloomy mystery. She made no immediate
       response to their inquiries and tumultuous congratulations; and, as they
       afterwards remembered, there was something absorbed, thoughtful, and
       self-concentrated in her deportment. She looked pale, as well she might,
       and held her torch with a nervous grasp, the tremor of which was seen in
       the irregular twinkling of the flame. This last was the chief perceptible
       sign of any recent agitation or alarm.
       "Dearest, dearest Miriam," exclaimed Hilda, throwing her arms about her
       friend, "where have you been straying from us? Blessed be Providence,
       which has rescued you out of that miserable darkness!"
       "Hush, dear Hilda!" whispered Miriam, with a strange little laugh. "Are
       you quite sure that it was Heaven's guidance which brought me back? If so,
       it was by an odd messenger, as you will confess. See; there he stands."
       Startled at Miriam's words and manner, Hilda gazed into the duskiness
       whither she pointed, and there beheld a figure standing just on the
       doubtful limit of obscurity, at the threshold of the small, illuminated
       chapel. Kenyon discerned him at the same instant, and drew nearer with
       his torch; although the guide attempted to dissuade him, averring that,
       once beyond the consecrated precincts of the chapel, the apparition would
       have power to tear him limb from limb. It struck the sculptor, however,
       when he afterwards recurred to these circumstances, that the guide
       manifested no such apprehension on his own account as he professed on
       behalf of others; for he kept pace with Kenyon as the latter approached
       the figure, though still endeavoring to restrain 'him.
       In fine, they both drew near enough to get as good a view of the spectre
       as the smoky light of their torches, struggling with the massive gloom,
       could supply.
       The stranger was of exceedingly picturesque, and even melodramatic aspect.
       He was clad in a voluminous cloak, that seemed to be made of a buffalo's
       hide, and a pair of those goat-skin breeches, with the hair outward, which
       are still commonly worn by the peasants of the Roman Campagna. In this
       garb, they look like antique Satyrs; and, in truth, the Spectre of the
       Catacomb might have represented the last survivor of that vanished race,
       hiding himself in sepulchral gloom, and mourning over his lost life of
       woods and streams.
       Furthermore, he had on a broad-brimmed, conical hat, beneath the shadow of
       which a wild visage was indistinctly seen, floating away, as it were, into
       a dusky wilderness of mustache and beard. His eyes winked, and turned
       uneasily from the torches, like a creature to whom midnight would be more
       congenial than noonday.
       On the whole, the spectre might have made a considerable impression on the
       sculptor's nerves, only that he was in the habit of observing similar
       figures, almost every day, reclining on the Spanish steps, and waiting for
       some artist to invite them within the magic realm of picture. Nor, even
       thus familiarized with the stranger's peculiarities of appearance, could
       Kenyon help wondering to see such a personage, shaping himself so suddenly
       out of the void darkness of the catacomb.
       "What are you?" said the sculptor, advancing his torch nearer. "And how
       long have you been wandering here?"
       "A thousand and five hundred years!" muttered the guide, loud enough to
       be heard by all the party. "It is the old pagan phantom that I told you
       of, who sought to betray the blessed saints!"
       "Yes; it is a phantom!" cried Donatello, with a shudder. "Ah, dearest
       signorina, what a fearful thing has beset you in those dark corridors!"
       "Nonsense, Donatello," said the sculptor. "The man is no more a phantom
       than yourself. The only marvel is, how he comes to be hiding himself in
       the catacomb. Possibly our guide might solve the riddle."
       The spectre himself here settled the point of his tangibility, at all
       events, and physical substance, by approaching a step nearer, and laying
       his hand on Kenyon's arm.
       "Inquire not what I am, nor wherefore I abide in the darkness," said he,
       in a hoarse, harsh voice, as if a great deal of damp were clustering in
       his throat. "Henceforth, I am nothing but a shadow behind her footsteps.
       She came to me when I sought her not. She has called me forth, and must
       abide the consequences of my reappearance in the world."
       "Holy Virgin! I wish the signorina joy of her prize," said the guide,
       half to himself. "And in any case, the catacomb is well rid of him."
       We need follow the scene no further. So much is essential to the
       subsequent narrative, that, during the short period while astray in those
       tortuous passages, Miriam had encountered an unknown man, and led him
       forth with her, or was guided back by him, first into the torchlight,
       thence into the sunshine.
       It was the further singularity of this affair, that the connection, thus
       briefly and casually formed, did not terminate with the incident that gave
       it birth. As if her service to him, or his service to her, whichever it
       might be, had given him an indefeasible claim on Miriam's regard and
       protection, the Spectre of the Catacomb never long allowed her to lose
       sight of him, from that day forward. He haunted her footsteps with more
       than the customary persistency of Italian mendicants, when once they have
       recognized a benefactor. For days together, it is true, he occasionally
       vanished, but always reappeared, gliding after her through the narrow
       streets, or climbing the hundred steps of her staircase and sitting at her
       threshold.
       Being often admitted to her studio, he left his features, or some shadow
       or reminiscence of them, in many of her sketches and pictures. The moral
       atmosphere of these productions was thereby so influenced, that rival
       painters pronounced it a case of hopeless mannerism, which would destroy
       all Miriam's prospects of true excellence in art.
       The story of this adventure spread abroad, and made its way beyond the
       usual gossip of the Forestieri, even into Italian circles, where, enhanced
       by a still potent spirit of superstition, it grew far more wonderful than
       as above recounted. Thence, it came back among the Anglo-Saxons, and was
       communicated to the German artists, who so richly supplied it with
       romantic ornaments and excrescences, after their fashion, that it became a
       fantasy worthy of Tieck or Hoffmann. For nobody has any conscience about
       adding to the improbabilities of a marvellous tale.
       The most reasonable version of the incident, that could anywise be
       rendered acceptable to the auditors, was substantially the one suggested
       by the guide of the catacomb, in his allusion to the legend of Memmius.
       This man, or demon, or man-demon, was a spy during the persecutions of the
       early Christians, probably under the Emperor Diocletian, and penetrated
       into the catacomb of St. Calixtus, with the malignant purpose of tracing
       out the hiding-places of the refugees. But, while he stole craftily
       through those dark corridors, he chanced to come upon a little chapel,
       where tapers were burning before an altar and a crucifix, and a priest was
       in the performance of his sacred office. By divine indulgence, there was
       a single moment's grace allowed to Memmius, during which, had he been
       capable of Christian faith and love, he might have knelt before the cross,
       and received the holy light into his soul, and so have been blest forever.
       But he resisted the sacred impulse. As soon, therefore, as that one
       moment had glided by, the light of the consecrated tapers, which represent
       all truth, bewildered the wretched man with everlasting error, and the
       blessed cross itself was stamped as a seal upon his heart, so that it
       should never open to receive conviction.
       Thenceforth, this heathen Memmius has haunted the wide and dreary
       precincts of the catacomb, seeking, as some say, to beguile new victims
       into his own misery; but, according to other statements, endeavoring to
       prevail on any unwary visitor to take him by the hand, and guide him out
       into the daylight. Should his wiles and entreaties take effect, however,
       the man-demon would remain only a little while above ground. He would
       gratify his fiendish malignity by perpetrating signal mischief on his
       benefactor, and perhaps bringing some old pestilence or other forgotten
       and long-buried evil on society; or, possibly, teaching the modern world
       some decayed and dusty kind of crime, which the antique Romans knew,--and
       then would hasten back to the catacomb, which, after so long haunting it,
       has grown his most congenial home.
       Miriam herself, with her chosen friends, the sculptor and the gentle Hilda,
       often laughed at the monstrous fictions that had gone abroad in reference
       to her adventure. Her two confidants (for such they were, on all ordinary
       subjects) had not failed to ask an explanation of the mystery, since
       undeniably a mystery there was, and one sufficiently perplexing in itself,
       without any help from the imaginative faculty. And, sometimes responding
       to their inquiries with a melancholy sort of playfulness, Miriam let her
       fancy run off into wilder fables than any which German ingenuity or
       Italian superstition had contrived.
       For example, with a strange air of seriousness over all her face, only
       belied by a laughlng gleam in her. dark eyes, she would aver that the
       spectre (who had been an artist in his mortal lifetime)had promised to
       teach her a long-lost, but invaluable secret of old Roman fresco painting.
       The knowledge of this process would place Miriam at the head of modern
       art; the sole condition being agreed upon, that she should return with him
       into his sightless gloom, after enriching a certain extent of stuccoed
       wall with the most brilliant and lovely designs. And what true votary of
       art would not purchase unrivalled excellence, even at so vast a sacrifice!
       Or, if her friends still solicited a soberer account, Miriam replied, that,
       meeting the old infidel in one of the dismal passages of the catacomb,
       she had entered into controversy with him, hoping to achieve the glory and
       satisfaction of converting him to the Christian faith. For the sake of
       so excellent a result; she had even staked her own salvation against his,
       binding herself to accompany him back into his penal gloom, if, within a
       twelvemonth's space, she should not have convinced him of the errors
       through which he had so long groped and stumbled. But, alas! up to the
       present time, the controversy had gone direfully in favor of the man-demon;
       and Miriam (as she whispered in Hilda's ear) had awful forebodings, that,
       in a few more months, she must take an eternal farewell of the sun!
       It was somewhat remarkable that all her romantic fantasies arrived at this
       self-same dreary termination,--it appeared impossible for her even to
       imagine any other than a disastrous result from her connection with her
       ill-omened attendant.
       This singularity might have meant nothing, however, had it not suggested a
       despondent state of mind, which was likewise indicated by many other
       tokens. Miriam's friends had no difficulty in perceiving that, in one way
       or another, her happiness was very seriously compromised. Her spirits
       were often depressed into deep melancholy. If ever she was gay, it was
       seldom with a healthy cheerfulness. She grew moody, moreover, and subject
       to fits of passionate ill temper; which usually wreaked itself on the
       heads of those who loved her best. Not that Miriam's indifferent
       acquaintances were safe from similar outbreaks of her displeasure,
       especially if they ventured upon any allusion to the model. In such cases,
       they were left with little disposition to renew the subject, but inclined,
       on the other hand, to interpret the whole matter as much to her discredit
       as the least favorable coloring of the facts would allow.
       It may occur to the reader, that there was really no demand for so much
       rumor and speculation in regard to an incident, Which might well enough
       have been explained without going many steps beyond the limits of
       probability. The spectre might have been merely a Roman beggar, whose
       fraternity often harbor in stranger shelters than the catacombs; or one of
       those pilgrims, who still journey from remote countries to kneel and
       worship at the holy sites, among which these haunts of the early
       Christians are esteemed especially sacred. Or, as was perhaps a more
       plausible theory, he might be a thief of the city, a robber of the
       Campagna, a political offender, or an assassin, with blood upon his hand;
       whom the negligence or connivance of the police allowed to take refuge in
       those subterranean fastnesses, where such outlaws have been accustomed to
       hide themselves from a far antiquity downward. Or he might have been a
       lunatic, fleeing instinctively from man, and making it his dark pleasure
       to dwell among the tombs, like him whose awful cry echoes afar to us from
       Scripture times.
       And, as for the stranger's attaching himself so devotedly to Miriam, her
       personal magnetism might be allowed a certain weight in the explanation.
       For what remains, his pertinacity need not seem so very singular to those
       who consider how slight a link serves to connect these vagabonds of idle
       Italy with any person that may have the ill-hap to bestow charity, or be
       otherwise serviceable to them, or betray the slightest interest in their
       fortunes.
       Thus little would remain to be accounted for, except the deportment of
       Miriam herself; her reserve, her brooding melancholy, her petulance, and
       moody passion. If generously interpreted, even these morbid symptoms
       might have sufficient cause in the stimulating and exhaustive influences
       of imaginative art, exercised by a delicate young woman, in the nervous
       and unwholesome atmosphere of Rome. Such, at least, was the view of the
       case which Hilda and Kenyon endeavored to impress on their own minds, and
       impart to those whom their opinions might influence.
       One of Miriam's friends took the matter sadly to heart. This was the
       young Italian. Donatello, as we have seen, had been an eyewitness of the
       stranger's first appearance, and had ever since nourished a singular
       prejudice against the mysterious, dusky, death-scented apparition. It
       resembled not so much a human dislike or hatred, as one of those
       instinctive, unreasoning antipathies which the lower animals sometimes
       display, and which generally prove more trustworthy than the acutest
       insight into character. The shadow of the model, always flung into the
       light which Miriam diffused around her, caused no slight trouble to
       Donatello. Yet he was of a nature so remarkably genial and joyous, so
       simply happy, that he might well afford to have something subtracted from
       his comfort, and make tolerable shift to live upon what remained. _
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VOLUME I
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER I - MIRIAM, HILDA, KENYON, DONATELLO
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER II - THE FAUN
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER III - SUBTERRANEAN REMINISCENCES
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER IV - THE SPECTRE OF THE CATACOMB
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER V - MIRIAM'S STUDIO
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER VI - THE VIRGIN'S SHRINE
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER VII - BEATRICE
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER VIII - THE SUBURBAN VILLA
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER IX - THE FAUN AND NYMPH
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER X - THE SYLVAN DANCE
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XI - FRAGMENTARY SENTENCES
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XII - A STROLL ON THE PINCIAN
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XIII - A SCULPTOR'S STUDIO
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XIV - CLEOPATRA
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XV - AN AESTHETIC COMPANY
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XVI - A MOONLIGHT RAMBLE
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XVII - MIRIAM'S TROUBLE
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XVIII - ON THE EDGE OF A PRECIPICE
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XIX - THE FAUN'S TRANSFORMATION
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XX - THE BURIAL CHANT
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XXI - THE DEAD CAPUCHIN
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XXII -THE MEDICI GARDENS
   VOLUME I - CHAPTER XXIII - MIRIAM AND HILDA
VOLUME II
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXIV - THE TOWER AMONG THE APENNINES
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXV - SUNSHINE
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXVI - THE PEDIGREE OF MONTE BENI
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXVII - MYTHS
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXVIII - THE OWL TOWER
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXIX - ON THE BATTLEMENTS
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXX - DONATELLO'S BUST
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXI - THE MARBLE SALOON
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXII - SCENES BY THE WAY
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXIII - PICTURED WINDOWS
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXIV - MARKET-DAY IN PERUGIA
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXV - THE BRONZE PONTIFF'S BENEDICTION
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXVI - HILDA'S TOWER
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXVII - THE EMPTINESS OF PICTURE GALLERIES
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXVIII - ALTARS AND INCENSE
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XXXIX - THE WORLD'S CATHEDRAL
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XL - HILDA AND A FRIEND
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLI - SNOWDROPS AND MAIDENLY DELIGHTS
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLII - REMINISCENCES OF MIRIAM
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLIII - THE EXTINCTION OF A LAMP
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLIV - THE DESERTED SHRINE
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLV - THE FLIGHT OF HILDA'S DOVES
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLVI - A WALK ON THE CAMPAGNA
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLVII - THE PEASANT AND CONTADINA
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLVIII - A SCENE IN THE CORSO
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER XLIX - A FROLIC OF THE CARNIVAL
   VOLUME II - CHAPTER L - MIRIAM, HILDA, KENYON, DONATELLO
   CONCLUSION