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Bulfinch’s Mythology
king arthur and his knights   Chapter XXII. Sir Agrivain's Treason
Thomas Bulfinch
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       When Sir Perceval and Sir Bohort saw Sir Galahad dead they made as much sorrow as ever did two men. And if they had not been good men they might have fallen into despair. As soon as Sir Galahad was buried Sir Perceval retired to a hermitage out of the city, and took a religious clothing; and Sir Bohort was always with him, but did not change his secular clothing, because he purposed to return to the realm of Loegria. Thus a year and two months lived Sir Perceval in the hermitage a full holy life, and then passed out of this world, and Sir Bohort buried him by his sister and Sir Galahad. Then Sir Bohort armed himself and departed from Sarras, and entered into a ship, and sailed to the kingdom of Loegria, and in due time arrived safe at Camelot, where the king was. Then was there great joy made of him in the whole court, for they feared he had been dead. Then the king made great clerks to come before him, that they should chronicle of the high adventures of the good knights. And Sir Bohort told him of the adventures that had befallen him, and his two fellows, Sir Perceval and Sir Galahad. And Sir Launcelot told the adventures of the Sangreal that he had seen. All this was made in great books, and put up in the church at Salisbury.
       So King Arthur and Queen Guenever made great joy of the remnant that were come home, and chiefly of Sir Launcelot and Sir Bohort. Then Sir Launcelot began to resort unto Queen Guenever again, and forgot the promise that he made in the quest: so that many in the court spoke of it, and in especial Sir Agrivain, Sir Gawain's brother, for he was ever open-mouthed. So it happened Sir Gawain and all his brothers were in King Arthur's chamber, and then Sir Agrivain said thus openly, "I marvel that we all are not ashamed to see and to know so noble a knight as King Arthur so to be shamed by the conduct of Sir Launcelot and the queen. "Then spoke Sir Gawain, and said, "Brother, Sir Agrivain, I pray you and charge you move not such matters any more before me, for be ye assured I will not be of your counsel." "Neither will we," said Sir Gaheris and Sir Gareth. "Then will I," said Sir Modred. "I doubt you not," said Sir Gawain, "for to all mischief ever were ye prone; yet I would that ye left all this, for I know what will come of it."
       "Modred's narrow foxy face, Heart-hiding smile, and gray persistent eye: Henceforward, too, the Powers that tend the soul To help it from the death that cannot die, And save it even in extremes, began To vex and plague." --Guinevere.
       "Fall of it what fall may," said Sir Agrivain, "I will disclose it to the king." With that came to them King Arthur. "Now, brothers, hold your peace," said Sir Gawain. "We will not," said Sir Agrivain. Then said Sir Gawain, "I will not hear your tales nor be of your counsel." "No more will I," said Sir Gareth and Sir Gaheris, and therewith they departed, making great sorrow.
       Then Sir Agrivain told the king all that was said in the court of the conduct of Sir Launcelot and the queen, and it grieved the king very much. But he would not believe it to be true without proof. So Sir Agrivain laid a plot to entrap Sir Launcelot and the queen, intending to take them together unawares. Sir Agrivain and Sir Modred led a party for this purpose, but Sir Launcelot escaped from them, having slain Sir Agrivain and wounded Sir Modred. Then Sir Launcelot hastened to his friends, and told them what had happened, and withdrew with them to the forest; but he left spies to bring him tidings of whatever might be done.
       So Sir Launcelot escaped, but the queen remained in the king's power, and Arthur could no longer doubt of her guilt. And the law was such in those days that they who committed such crimes, of what estate or condition soever they were, must be burned to death, and so it was ordained for Queen Guenever. Then said King Arthur to Sir Gawain, "I pray you make you ready, in your best armor, with your brethren, Sir Gaheris and Sir Gareth, to bring my queen to the fire, there to receive her death." "Nay, my most noble lord," said Sir Gawain, "that will I never do; for know thou well, my heart will never serve me to see her die, and it shall never be said that I was of your counsel in her death." Then the king commanded Sir Gaheris and Sir Gareth to be there, and they said, "We will be there, as ye command us, sire, but in peaceable wise, and bear no armor upon us."
       So the queen was led forth, and her ghostly father was brought to her to shrive her, and there was weeping and wailing of many lords and ladies. And one went and told Sir Launcelot that the queen was led forth to her death. Then Sir Launcelot and the knights that were with him fell upon the troop that guarded the queen, and dispersed them, and slew all who withstood them. And in the confusion Sir Gareth and Sir Gaheris were slain, for they were unarmed and defenceless. And Sir Launcelot carried away the queen to his castle of La Joyeuse Garde.
       Then there came one to Sir Gawain and told him how that Sir Launcelot had slain the knights and carried away the queen. "O Lord, defend my brethren!" said Sir Gawain. "Truly," said the man, "Sir Gareth and Sir Gaheris are slain." "Alas!" said Sir Gawain, "now is my joy gone." And then he fell down and swooned, and long he lay there as he had been dead.
       When he arose out of his swoon Sir Gawain ran to the king, crying, "O King Arthur, mine uncle, my brothers are slain." Then the king wept and he both. "My king, my lord, and mine uncle," said Sir Gawain, "bear witness now that I make you a promise that I shall hold by my knighthood, and from this day I will never fail Sir Launcelot until the one of us have slain the other. I will seek Sir Launcelot throughout seven kings' realms, but I shall slay him or he shall slay me." "Ye shall not need to seek him," said the king, "for as I hear, Sir Launcelot will abide me and you in the Joyeuse Garde; and much people draweth unto him, as I hear say." "That may I believe," said Sir Gawain; "but, my lord, summon your friends, and I will summon mine." "It shall be done," said the king. So then the king sent letters and writs throughout all England, both in the length and breadth, to summon all his knights. And unto Arthur drew many knights, dukes, and earls, so that he had a great host. Thereof heard Sir Launcelot, and collected all whom he could; and many good knights held with him, both for his sake and for the queen's sake. But King Arthur's host was too great for Sir Launcelot to abide him in the field; and he was full loath to do battle against the king. So Sir Launcelot drew him to his strong castle, with all manner of provisions. Then came King Arthur with Sir Gawain, and laid siege all about La Joyeuse Garde, both the town and the castle; but in no wise would Sir Launcelot ride out of his castle, neither suffer any of his knights to issue out, until many weeks were past.
       Then it befell upon a day in harvest-time, Sir Launcelot looked over the wall, and spoke aloud to King Arthur and Sir Gawain, "My lords both, all is in vain that ye do at this siege, for here ye shall win no worship, but only dishonor; for if I list to come out, and my good knights, I shall soon make an end of this war." "Come forth," said Arthur, "if thou darest, and I promise thee I shall meet thee in the midst of the field." "God forbid me," said Sir Launcelot, "that I should encounter with the most noble king that made me knight." "Fie upon thy fair language," said the king, "for know thou well I am thy mortal foe, and ever will be to my dying day." And Sir Gawain said, "What cause hadst thou to slay my brother, Sir Gaheris, who bore no arms against thee, and Sir Gareth, whom thou madest knight, and who loved thee more than all my kin? Therefore know thou well I shall make war to thee all the while that I may live."
       When Sir Bohort, and Sir Hector de Marys, and Sir Lionel heard this outcry, they called to them Sir Palamedes, and Sir Saffire his brother, and Sir Lawayn, with many more, and all went to Sir Launcelot. And they said, "My lord, Sir Launcelot, we pray you, if you will have our service keep us no longer within these walls, for know well all your fair speech and forbearance will not avail you." "Alas!" said Sir Launcelot, "to ride forth and to do battle I am full loath." Then he spake again unto the king and Sir Gawain, and willed them to keep out of the battle; but they despised his words. So then Sir Launcelot's fellowship came out of the castle in full good array. And always Sir Launcelot charged all his knights, in any wise, to save King Arthur and Sir Gawain.
       Then came forth Sir Gawain from the king's host and offered combat, and Sir Lionel encountered with him, and there Sir Gawain smote Sir Lionel through the body, that he fell to the earth as if dead. Then there began a great conflict, and much people were slain; but ever Sir Launcelot did what he might to save the people on King Arthur's party, and ever King Arthur followed Sir Launcelot to slay him; but Sir Launcelot suffered him, and would not strike again. Then Sir Bohort encountered with King Arthur, and smote him down; and he alighted and drew his sword, and said to Sir Launcelot, "Shall I make an end of this war?" for he meant to have slain King Arthur. "Not so," said Sir Launcelot, "touch him no more, for I will never see that most noble king that made me knight either slain or shamed;" and therewith Sir Launcelot alighted off his horse, and took up the king, and horsed him again, and said thus: "My lord Arthur, for God's love, cease this strife." And King Arthur looked upon Sir Launcelot, and the tears burst from his eyes, thinking on the great courtesy that was in Sir Launcelot more than in any other man; and therewith the king rode his way. Then anon both parties withdrew to repose them, and buried the dead.
       But the war continued, and it was noised abroad through all Christendom, and at last it was told afore the pope; and he, considering the great goodness of King Arthur, and of Sir Launcelot, called unto him a noble clerk, which was the Bishop of Rochester, who was then in his dominions, and sent him to King Arthur, charging him that he take his queen, dame Guenever, unto him again, and make peace with Sir Launcelot.
       So, by means of this bishop, peace was made for the space of one year; and King Arthur received back the queen, and Sir Launcelot departed from the kingdom with all his knights, and went to his own country. So they shipped at Cardiff, and sailed unto Benwick, which some men call Bayonne. And all the people of those lands came to Sir Launcelot, and received him home right joyfully. And Sir Launcelot stablished and garnished all his towns and castles, and he greatly advanced all his noble knights, Sir Lionel and Sir Bohort, and Sir Hector de Marys, Sir Blamor, Sir Lawayne, and many others, and made them lords of lands and castles; till he left himself no more than any one of them.
       "Then Arthur made vast banquets, and strange knights From the four winds came in: and each one sat, Tho' served with choice from air, land, stream and sea, Oft in mid-banquet measuring with his eyes His neighbor's make and might." --Pelleas and Ettarre.
       But when the year was passed, King Arthur and Sir Gawain came with a great host, and landed upon Sir Launcelot's lands, and burned and wasted all that they might overrun. Then spake Sir Bohort and said, "My lord, Sir Launcelot, give us leave to meet them in the field, and we shall make them rue the time that ever they came to this country." Then said Sir Launcelot, "I am full loath to ride out with my knights for shedding of Christian blood; so we will yet a while keep our walls, and I will send a messenger unto my lord Arthur, to propose a treaty; for better is peace than always war." So Sir Launcelot sent forth a damsel, and a dwarf with her, requiring King Arthur to leave his warring upon his lands; and so she started on a palfrey, and the dwarf ran by her side. And when she came to the pavilion of King Arthur, she alighted, and there met her a gentle knight, Sir Lucan, the butler, and said, "Fair damsel, come ye from Sir Launcelot du Lac?" "Yea, sir," she said, "I come hither to speak with the king." "Alas!" said Sir Lucan, "my lord Arthur would be reconciled to Sir Launcelot, but Sir Gawain will not suffer him." And with this Sir Lucan led the damsel to the king, where he sat with Sir Gawain, to hear what she would say. So when she had told her tale, the tears ran out of the king's eyes; and all the lords were forward to advise the king to be accorded with Sir Launcelot, save only Sir Gawain; and he said, "My lord, mine uncle, what will ye do? Will you now turn back, now you are so far advanced upon your journey? If ye do all the world will speak shame of you." "Nay," said King Arthur, "I will do as ye advise me; but do thou give the damsel her answer, for I may not speak to her for pity."
       Then said Sir Gawain, "Damsel, say ye to Sir Launcelot, that it is waste labor to sue to mine uncle for peace, and say that I, Sir Gawain, send him word that I promise him, by the faith I owe unto God and to knighthood, I shall never leave him till he have slain me or I him." So the damsel returned; and when Sir Launcelot had heard this answer the tears ran down his cheeks.
       Then it befell on a day Sir Gawain came before the gates, armed at all points, and cried with a loud voice, "Where art thou now, thou false traitor, Sir Launcelot? Why hidest thou thyself within holes and walls like a coward? Look out now, thou traitor knight, and I will avenge upon thy body the death of my three brethren." All this language heard Sir Launcelot, and the knights which were about him; and they said to him, "Sir Launcelot, now must ye defend you like a knight, or else be shamed for ever, for you have slept overlong and suffered overmuch." Then Sir Launcelot spake on high unto King Arthur, and said, "My lord Arthur, now I have forborne long, and suffered you and Sir Gawain to do what ye would, and now must I needs defend myself, inasmuch as Sir Gawain hath appealed me of treason." Then Sir Launcelot armed him and mounted upon his horse, and the noble knights came out of the city, and the host without stood all apart; and so the covenant was made that no man should come near the two knights, nor deal with them, till one were dead or yielded.
       Then Sir Launcelot and Sir Gawain departed a great way asunder, and then they came together with all their horses' might, and each smote the other in the middle of their shields, but neither of them was unhorsed, but their horses fell to the earth. And then they leapt from their horses, and drew their swords, and gave many sad strokes, so that the blood burst out in many places. Now Sir Gawain had this gift from a holy man, that every day in the year, from morning to noon, his strength was increased threefold, and then it fell again to its natural measure. Sir Launcelot was aware of this, and therefore, during the three hours that Sir Gawain's strength was at the height, Sir Launcelot covered himself with his shield, and kept his might in reserve. And during that time Sir Gawain gave him many sad brunts, that all the knights that looked on marvelled how Sir Launcelot might endure them. Then, when it was past noon, Sir Gawain had only his own might; and when Sir Launcelot felt him so brought down he stretched himself up, and doubled his strokes, and gave Sir Gawain such a buffet that he fell down on his side; and Sir Launcelot drew back and would strike no more. "Why withdrawest thou, false traitor?" then said Sir Gawain; "now turn again and slay me, for if thou leave me thus when I am whole again, I shall do battle with thee again." "I shall endure you, sir, by God's grace," said Sir Launcelot, "but know thou well Sir Gawain, I will never smite a felled knight." And so Sir Launcelot went into the city, and Sir Gawain was borne into King Arthur's pavilion, and his wounds were looked to.
       Thus the siege endured, and Sir Gawain lay helpless near a month; and when he was near recovered came tidings unto King Arthur that made him return with all his host to England.
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Publishers' Preface
Author's Preface
stories of gods and heroes
   Chapter I. Introduction
   Chapter II. Prometheus and Pandora
   Chapter III. Apollo and Daphne--Pyramus and Thisbe Cephalus and Procris
   Chapter IV. Juno and Her Rivals, Io and Callisto--Diana and Actaeon--Latona and the Rustics
   Chapter V. Phaeton
   Chapter VI. Midas--Baucis and Philemon
   Chapter VII. Proserpine--Glaucus and Scylla
   Chapter VIII. Pygmalion--Dryope-Venus and Adonis--Apollo and Hyacinthus
   Chapter IX. Ceyx and Halcyone: Or, the Halcyon Birds
   Chapter X. Vertumnus and Pomona
   Chapter XI. Cupid and Psyche
   Chapter XII. Cadmus--The Myrmidons
   Chapter XIII. Nisus and Scylla--Echo and Narcissus--Clytie--Hero and Leander
   Chapter XIV. Minerva--Niobe
   Chapter XV. The Graeae or Gray-Maids--Perseus--Medusa--Atlas--Andromeda
   Chapter XVI. Monsters
   Chapter XVII. The Golden Fleece--Medea
   Chapter XVIII. Meleager and Atalanta
   Chapter XIX. Hercules--Hebe and Ganymede
   Chapter XX. Theseus--Daedalus--Castor and Pollux
   Chapter XXI. Bacchus--Ariadne
   Chapter XXII. The Rural Deities--Erisichthon--Rhoecus--The Water Deities--Camenae--Winds
   Chapter XXIII. Achelous and Hercules--Admetus and Alcestis--Antigone--Penelope
   Chapter XXIV. Orpheus and Eurydice--Aristaeus--Amphion--Linus--Thamyris--Marsyas--Melampus--Musaeus
   Chapter XXV. Arion--Ibycus--Simonides--Sappho
   Chapter XXVI. Endymion--Orion--Aurora and Tithonus--Acis and Galatea
   Chapter XXVII. The Trojan War
   Chapter XXVIII. The Fall of Troy--Return of the Greeks--Orestes and Electra
   Chapter XXIX. Adventures of Ulysses--The Lotus-Eaters--Cyclopes--Circe--Sirens--Scylla and Charybdis--Calypso
   Chapter XXX. The Phaeacians--Fate of the Suitors
   Chapter XXXI. Adventures of Aeneas--The Harpies--Dido--Palinurus
   Chapter XXXII. The Infernal Regions--The Sibyl
   Chapter XXXIII. Camilla--Evander--Nisus and Euryalus--Mezentius--Turnus
   Chapter XXXIV. Pythagoras--Egyptian Deities--Oracles
   Chapter XXXV. Origin of Mythology--Statues of Gods and Goddesses--Poets of Mythology
   Chapter XXXVI. Modern Monsters--The Phoenix--Basilisk--Unicorn--Salamander
   Chapter XXXVII. Eastern Mythology--Zoroaster--Hindu Mythology--Castes--Buddha--Grand Lama
   Chapter XXXVIII. Northern Mythology--Valhalla--The Valkyrior
   Chapter XXXIX. Thor's Visit to Jotunheim
   Chapter XL. The Death of Baldur--The Elves--Runic Letters--Iceland--Teutonic Mythology--Nibelungen Lied
   Chapter XLI. The Druids--Iona
king arthur and his knights
   Chapter I. Introduction
   Chapter II. The Mythical History of England
   Chapter III. Merlin
   Chapter IV. Arthur
   Chapter V. Arthur (Continued)
   Chapter VI. Sir Gawain
   Chapter VII. Caradoc Briefbras; or, Caradoc with the Shrunken Arm
   Chapter VIII. Launcelot of the Lake
   Chapter IX. The Adventure of the Cart
   Chapter X. The Lady of Shalott
   Chapter XI. Queen Guenever's Peril
   Chapter XII. Tristram and Isoude
   Chapter XIII. Tristram and Isoude (Continued)
   Chapter XIV. Sir Tristram's Battle with Sir Launcelot
   Chapter XV. The Round Table
   Chapter XVI. Sir Palamedes
   Chapter XVII. Sir Tristram
   Chapter XVIII. Perceval
   Chapter XIX. The Sangreal, or Holy Graal
   Chapter XX. The Sangreal (Continued)
   Chapter XXI. The Sangreal (Continued)
   Chapter XXII. Sir Agrivain's Treason
   Chapter XXIII. Morte d'Arthur
the mabinogeon
   Introductory Note
   Chapter I. The Britons
   Chapter II. The Lady of the Fountain
   Chapter III. The Lady of the Fountain (Continued)
   Chapter IV. The Lady of the Fountain (Continued)
   Chapter V. Geraint, the Son of Erbin
   Chapter VI. Geraint, the Son of Erbin (Continued)
   Chapter VII. Geraint, the Son of Erbin (Continued)
   Chapter VIII. Pwyll, Prince of Dyved
   Chapter IX. Branwen, the Daughter of Llyr
   Chapter X. Manawyddan
   Chapter XI. Kilwich and Olwen
   Chapter XII. Kilwich and Olwen (Continued)
   Chapter XIII. Taliesin
hero myths of the british race
   Beowulf
   Cuchulain, Champion of Ireland
   Hereward the Wake
   Robin Hood
legends of charlemagne
   Introduction
   The Peers, or Paladins
   The Tournament
   The Siege of Albracca
   Adventures of Rinaldo and Orlando
   The Invasion of France
   The Invasion of France (Continued)
   Bradamante and Rogero
   Astolpho and the Enchantress
   The Orc
   Astolpho's Adventures Continued, and Isabella's Begun
   Medoro
   Orlando Mad
   Zerbino and Isabella
   Astolpho in Abyssinia
   The War in Africa
   Rogero and Bradamante
   The Battle of Roncesvalles
   Rinaldo and Bayard
   Death of Rinaldo
   Huon of Bordeaux
   Huon of Bordeaux (Continued)
   Huon of Bordeaux (Continued)
   Ogier, the Dane
   Ogier, the Dane (Continued)
   Ogier, the Dane (Continued)
glossary
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