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French Revolution, A History, The
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.1. Death Of Louis XV - Chapter 1.1.3. Viaticum
Thomas Carlyle
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       _ Volume I. The Bastille
       Book 1.I. Death Of Louis XV
       Chapter 1.1.III. Viaticum
       For the present, however, the grand question with the Governors of France is: Shall extreme unction, or other ghostly viaticum (to Louis, not to France), be administered?
       It is a deep question. For, if administered, if so much as spoken of, must not, on the very threshold of the business, Witch Dubarry vanish; hardly to return should Louis even recover? With her vanishes Duke d'Aiguillon and Company, and all their Armida-Palace, as was said; Chaos swallows the whole again, and there is left nothing but a smell of brimstone. But then, on the other hand, what will the Dauphinists and Choiseulists say? Nay what may the royal martyr himself say, should he happen to get deadly worse, without getting delirious? For the present, he still kisses the Dubarry hand; so we, from the ante-room, can note: but afterwards? Doctors' bulletins may run as they are ordered, but it is 'confluent small-pox,'--of which, as is whispered too, the Gatekeepers's once so buxom Daughter lies ill: and Louis XV. is not a man to be trifled with in his viaticum. Was he not wont to catechise his very girls in the Parc-aux-cerfs, and pray with and for them, that they might preserve their--orthodoxy? (Dulaure, viii. (217), Besenval, &c.) A strange fact, not an unexampled one; for there is no animal so strange as man.
       For the moment, indeed, it were all well, could Archbishop Beaumont but be prevailed upon--to wink with one eye! Alas, Beaumont would himself so fain do it: for, singular to tell, the Church too, and whole posthumous hope of Jesuitism, now hangs by the apron of this same unmentionable woman. But then 'the force of public opinion'? Rigorous Christophe de Beaumont, who has spent his life in persecuting hysterical Jansenists and incredulous Non-confessors; or even their dead bodies, if no better might be,--how shall he now open Heaven's gate, and give Absolution with the corpus delicti still under his nose? Our Grand-Almoner Roche-Aymon, for his part, will not higgle with a royal sinner about turning of the key: but there are other Churchmen; there is a King's Confessor, foolish Abbe Moudon; and Fanaticism and Decency are not yet extinct. On the whole, what is to be done? The doors can be well watched; the Medical Bulletin adjusted; and much, as usual, be hoped for from time and chance.
       The doors are well watched, no improper figure can enter. Indeed, few wish to enter; for the putrid infection reaches even to the Oeil-de-Boeuf; so that 'more than fifty fall sick, and ten die.' Mesdames the Princesses alone wait at the loathsome sick-bed; impelled by filial piety. The three Princesses, Graille, Chiffe, Coche (Rag, Snip, Pig, as he was wont to name them), are assiduous there; when all have fled. The fourth Princess Loque (Dud), as we guess, is already in the Nunnery, and can only give her orisons. Poor Graille and Sisterhood, they have never known a Father: such is the hard bargain Grandeur must make. Scarcely at the Debotter (when Royalty took off its boots) could they snatch up their 'enormous hoops, gird the long train round their waists, huddle on their black cloaks of taffeta up to the very chin;' and so, in fit appearance of full dress, 'every evening at six,' walk majestically in; receive their royal kiss on the brow; and then walk majestically out again, to embroidery, small-scandal, prayers, and vacancy. If Majesty came some morning, with coffee of its own making, and swallowed it with them hastily while the dogs were uncoupling for the hunt, it was received as a grace of Heaven. (Campan, i. 11-36.) Poor withered ancient women! in the wild tossings that yet await your fragile existence, before it be crushed and broken; as ye fly through hostile countries, over tempestuous seas, are almost taken by the Turks; and wholly, in the Sansculottic Earthquake, know not your right hand from your left, be this always an assured place in your remembrance: for the act was good and loving! To us also it is a little sunny spot, in that dismal howling waste, where we hardly find another.
       Meanwhile, what shall an impartial prudent Courtier do? In these delicate circumstances, while not only death or life, but even sacrament or no sacrament, is a question, the skilfulest may falter. Few are so happy as the Duke d'Orleans and the Prince de Conde; who can themselves, with volatile salts, attend the King's ante-chamber; and, at the same time, send their brave sons (Duke de Chartres, Egalite that is to be; Duke de Bourbon, one day Conde too, and famous among Dotards) to wait upon the Dauphin. With another few, it is a resolution taken; jacta est alea. Old Richelieu,--when Beaumont, driven by public opinion, is at last for entering the sick-room,--will twitch him by the rochet, into a recess; and there, with his old dissipated mastiff-face, and the oiliest vehemence, be seen pleading (and even, as we judge by Beaumont's change of colour, prevailing) 'that the King be not killed by a proposition in Divinity.' Duke de Fronsac, son of Richelieu, can follow his father: when the Cure of Versailles whimpers something about sacraments, he will threaten to 'throw him out of the window if he mention such a thing.'
       Happy these, we may say; but to the rest that hover between two opinions, is it not trying? He who would understand to what a pass Catholicism, and much else, had now got; and how the symbols of the Holiest have become gambling-dice of the Basest,--must read the narrative of those things by Besenval, and Soulavie, and the other Court Newsmen of the time. He will see the Versailles Galaxy all scattered asunder, grouped into new ever-shifting Constellations. There are nods and sagacious glances; go-betweens, silk dowagers mysteriously gliding, with smiles for this constellation, sighs for that: there is tremor, of hope or desperation, in several hearts. There is the pale grinning Shadow of Death, ceremoniously ushered along by another grinning Shadow, of Etiquette: at intervals the growl of Chapel Organs, like prayer by machinery; proclaiming, as in a kind of horrid diabolic horse-laughter, Vanity of vanities, all is Vanity! _
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Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.1. Death Of Louis XV - Chapter 1.1.1. Louis The Well-Beloved
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.1. Death Of Louis XV - Chapter 1.1.2. Realised Ideals
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.1. Death Of Louis XV - Chapter 1.1.3. Viaticum
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.1. Death Of Louis XV - Chapter 1.1.4. Louis The Unforgotten
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.1. Astraea Redux
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.2. Petition In Hieroglyphs
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.3. Questionable
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.4. Maurepas
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.5. Astraea Redux Without Cash
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.6. Windbags
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.7. Contrat Social
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.2. The Paper Age - Chapter 1.2.8. Printed Paper
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.1. Dishonoured Bills
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.2. Controller Calonne
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.3. The Notables
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.4. Lomenie's Edicts
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.5. Lomenie's Thunderbolts
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.6. Lomenie's Plots
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.7. Internecine
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.8. Lomenie's Death-Throes
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.3. The Parlement Of Paris - Chapter 1.3.9. Burial With Bonfire
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.4. States-General - Chapter 1.4.1. The Notables Again
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.4. States-General - Chapter 1.4.2. The Election
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.4. States-General - Chapter 1.4.3. Grown Electric
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.4. States-General - Chapter 1.4.4. The Procession
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.1. Inertia
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.2. Mercury De Breze
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.3. Broglie The War-God
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.4. To Arms!
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.5. Give Us Arms
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.6. Storm And Victory
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.7. Not A Revolt
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.8. Conquering Your King
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.5. The Third Estate - Chapter 1.5.9. The Lanterne
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.6. Consolidation - Chapter 1.6.1. Make The Constitution
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.6. Consolidation - Chapter 1.6.2. The Constituent Assembly
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.6. Consolidation - Chapter 1.6.3. The General Overturn
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.6. Consolidation - Chapter 1.6.4. In Queue
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.6. Consolidation - Chapter 1.6.5. The Fourth Estate
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.1. Patrollotism
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.2. O Richard, O My King
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.3. Black Cockades
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.4. The Menads
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.5. Usher Maillard
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.6. To Versailles
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.7. At Versailles
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.8. The Equal Diet
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.9. Lafayette
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.10. The Grand Entries
Volume 1. The Bastille - Book 1.7. The Insurrection Of Women - Chapter 1.7.11. From Versailles
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.1. In The Tuileries
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.2. In The Salle De Manege
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.3. The Muster
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.4. Journalism
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.5. Clubbism
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.6. Je Le Jure
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.7. Prodigies
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.8. Solemn League And Covenant
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.9. Symbolic
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.10. Mankind
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.11. As In The Age Of Gold
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.1. The Feast Of Pikes - Chapter 2.1.12. Sound And Smoke
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.2. Nanci - Chapter 2.2.1. Bouille
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.2. Nanci - Chapter 2.2.2. Arrears And Aristocrats
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.2. Nanci - Chapter 2.2.3. Bouille At Metz
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.2. Nanci - Chapter 2.2.4. Arrears At Nanci
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.2. Nanci - Chapter 2.2.5. Inspector Malseigne
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.2. Nanci - Chapter 2.2.6. Bouille At Nanci
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.3. The Tuileries - Chapter 2.3.1. Epimenides
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.3. The Tuileries - Chapter 2.3.2. The Wakeful
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.3. The Tuileries - Chapter 2.3.3. Sword In Hand
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.3. The Tuileries - Chapter 2.3.4. To Fly Or Not To Fly
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.3. The Tuileries - Chapter 2.3.5. The Day Of Poniards
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.3. The Tuileries - Chapter 2.3.6. Mirabeau
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.3. The Tuileries - Chapter 2.3.7. Death Of Mirabeau
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.1. Easter At Saint-Cloud
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.2. Easter At Paris
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.3. Count Fersen
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.4. Attitude
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.5. The New Berline
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.6. Old-Dragoon Drouet
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.7. The Night Of Spurs
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.8. The Return
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.4. Varennes - Chapter 2.4.9. Sharp Shot
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.1. Grande Acceptation
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.2. The Book Of The Law
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.3. Avignon
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.4. No Sugar
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.5. Kings And Emigrants
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.6. Brigands And Jales
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.7. Constitution Will Not March
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.8. The Jacobins
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.9. Minister Roland
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.10. Petion-National-Pique
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.11. The Hereditary Representative
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.5. Parliament First - Chapter 2.5.12. Procession Of The Black Breeches
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.1. Executive That Does Not Act
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.2. Let Us March
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.3. Some Consolation To Mankind
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.4. Subterranean
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.5. At Dinner
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.6. The Steeples At Midnight
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.7. The Swiss
Volume 2. The Constitution - Book 2.6. The Marseillese - Chapter 2.6.8. Constitution Burst In Pieces
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.1. The Improvised Commune
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.2. Danton
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.3. Dumouriez
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.4. September In Paris
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.5. A Trilogy
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.6. The Circular
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.7. September In Argonne
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.1. September - Chapter 3.1.8. Exeunt
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.1. The Deliberative
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.2. The Executive
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.3. Discrowned
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.4. The Loser Pays
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.5. Stretching Of Formulas
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.6. At The Bar
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.7. The Three Votings
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.2. Regicide - Chapter 3.2.8. Place De La Revolution
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.1. Cause And Effect
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.2. Culottic And Sansculottic
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.3. Growing Shrill
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.4. Fatherland In Danger
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.5. Sansculottism Accoutred
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.6. The Traitor
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.7. In Fight
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.8. In Death-Grips
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.3. The Girondins - Chapter 3.3.9. Extinct
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.1. Charlotte Corday
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.2. In Civil War
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.3. Retreat Of The Eleven
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.4. O Nature
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.5. Sword Of Sharpness
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.6. Risen Against Tyrants
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.7. Marie-Antoinette
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.4. Terror - Chapter 3.4.8. The Twenty-Two
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.5. Terror The Order Of The Day - Chapter 3.5.1. Rushing Down
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.5. Terror The Order Of The Day - Chapter 3.5.2. Death
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.5. Terror The Order Of The Day - Chapter 3.5.3. Destruction
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.5. Terror The Order Of The Day - Chapter 3.5.4. Carmagnole Complete
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.5. Terror The Order Of The Day - Chapter 3.5.5. Like A Thunder-Cloud
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.5. Terror The Order Of The Day - Chapter 3.5.6. Do Thy Duty
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.5. Terror The Order Of The Day - Chapter 3.5.7. Flame-Picture
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.6. Thermidor - Chapter 3.6.1. The Gods Are Athirst
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.6. Thermidor - Chapter 3.6.2. Danton, No Weakness
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.6. Thermidor - Chapter 3.6.3. The Tumbrils
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.6. Thermidor - Chapter 3.6.4. Mumbo-Jumbo
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.6. Thermidor - Chapter 3.6.5. The Prisons
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.6. Thermidor - Chapter 3.6.6. To Finish The Terror
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.6. Thermidor - Chapter 3.6.7. Go Down To
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.7. Vendemiaire - Chapter 3.7.1. Decadent
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.7. Vendemiaire - Chapter 3.7.2. La Cabarus
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.7. Vendemiaire - Chapter 3.7.3. Quiberon
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.7. Vendemiaire - Chapter 3.7.4. Lion Not Dead
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.7. Vendemiaire - Chapter 3.7.5. Lion Sprawling Its Last
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.7. Vendemiaire - Chapter 3.7.6. Grilled Herrings
Volume 3. The Guillotine - Book 3.7. Vendemiaire - Chapter 3.7.7. The Whiff Of Grapeshot