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Democracy: An American Novel
CHAPTER V
Henry Adams
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       _ TO tie a prominent statesman to her train and to lead him about
       like a tame bear, is for a young and vivacious woman a more
       certain amusement than to tie herself to him and to be dragged
       about like an Indian squaw. This fact was Madeleine Lee's first
       great political discovery in Washington, and it was worth to her all
       the German philosophy she had ever read, with even a complete
       edition of Herbert Spencer's works into the bargain. There could be
       no doubt that the honours and dignities of a public career were no
       fair consideration for its pains. She made a little daily task for
       herself of reading in succession the lives and letters of the
       American Presidents, and of their wives, when she could find that
       there was a trace of the latter's existence. What a melancholy
       spectacle it was, from George Washington down to the last
       incumbent; what vexations, what disappointments, what grievous
       mistakes, what very objectionable manners! Not one of them, who
       had aimed at high purpose, but had been thwarted, beaten, and
       habitually insulted! What a gloom lay on the features of those
       famous chieftains, Calhoun, Clay, and Webster; what varied
       expression of defeat and unsatisfied desire; what a sense of
       self-importance and senatorial magniloquence; what a craving for
       flattery; what despair at the sentence of fate! And what did they
       amount to, after all?
       They were practical men, these! they had no great problems of
       thought to settle, no questions that rose above the ordinary rules of
       common morals and homely duty. How they had managed to befog
       the subject! What elaborate show-structures they had built up, with
       no result but to obscure the horizon! Would not the country have
       done better without them? Could it have done worse? What deeper
       abyss could have opened under the nation's feet, than that to whose
       verge they brought it?
       Madeleine's mind wearied with the monotony of the story. She
       discussed the subject with Ratcliffe, who told her frankly that the
       pleasure of politics lay in the possession of power. He agreed that
       the country would do very well without him. "But here I am," said
       he, "and here I mean to stay." He had very little sympathy for thin
       moralising, and a statesmanlike contempt for philosophical
       politics. He loved power, and he meant to be President.
       That was enough.
       Sometimes the tragic and sometimes the comic side was
       uppermost in her mind, and sometimes she did not herself know
       whether to cry or to laugh.
       Washington more than any other city in the world swarms with
       simple-minded exhibitions of human nature; men and women
       curiously out of place, whom it would be cruel to ridicule and
       ridiculous to weep over. The sadder exhibitions are fortunately
       seldom seen by respectable people; only the little social accidents
       come under their eyes. One evening Mrs. Lee went to the
       President's first evening reception. As Sybil flatly refused to face
       the crowd, and Carrington mildly said that he feared he was not
       sufficiently reconstructed to appear at home in that august
       presence, Mrs. Lee accepted Mr. French for an escort, and walked
       across the Square with him to join the throng that was pouring into
       the doors of the White House. They took their places in the line of
       citizens and were at last able to enter the reception-room. There
       Madeleine found herself before two seemingly mechanical figures,
       which mlght be wood or wax, for any sign they showed of life.
       These two figures were the President and his wife; they stood stiff
       and awkward by the door, both their faces stripped of every sign of
       intelligence, while the right hands of both extended themselves to
       the column of visitors with the mechanical action of toy dolls.
       Mrs. Lee for a moment began to laugh, but the laugh died on her
       lips. To the President and his wife this was clearly no laughing
       matter. There they stood, automata, representatives of the society
       which streamed past them. Madeleine seized Mr. French by the
       arm.
       "Take me somewhere at once," said she, "where I can look at it.
       Here! in the corner. I had no conception how shocking it was!"
       Mr. French supposed she was thinking of the queer-looking men
       and women who were swarming through the rooms, and he made,
       after his own delicate notion of humour, some uncouth jests on
       those who passed by. Mrs. Lee, however, was in no humour to
       explain or even to listen. She stopped him short:--
       "There, Mr. French! Now go away and leave me. I want to be
       alone for half an hour. Please come for me then." And there she
       stood, with her eyes fixed on the President and his wife, while the
       endless stream of humanity passed them, shaking hands.
       What a strange and solemn spectacle it was, and how the deadly
       fascination of it burned the image in upon her mind! What a horrid
       warning to ambition!
       And in all that crowd there was no one besides herself who felt the
       mockery of this exhibition. To all the others this task was a regular
       part of the President's duty, and there was nothing ridiculous about
       it. They thought it a democratic institution, this droll a ping of
       monarchical forms. To them the deadly dulness of the show was as
       natural and proper as ever to the courtiers of the Philips and
       Charleses seemed the ceremonies of the Escurial. To her it had the
       effect of a nightmare, or of an opium-eater's vision, She felt a
       sudden conviction that this was to be the end of American society;
       its realisation and dream at once. She groaned in spirit.
       "Yes! at last I have reached the end! We shall grow to be wax
       images, and our talk will be like the squeaking of toy dolls. We
       shall all wander round and round the earth and shake hands. No
       one will have any object in this world, and there will be no other.
       It is worse than anything in the 'Inferno.' What an awful vision of
       eternity!"
       Suddenly, as through a mist, she saw the melancholy face of Lord
       Skye approaching. He came to her side, and his voice recalled her
       to reality.
       "Does it amuse you, this sort of thing?" he asked in a vague way.
       "We take our amusement sadly, after the manner of our people,"
       she replied; "but it certainly interests me."
       They stood for a time in silence, watching the slowly eddying
       dance of Democracy, until he resumed:
       "Whom do you take that man to be--the long, lean one, with a long
       woman on each arm?"
       "That man," she replied, "I take to be a Washington
       department-clerk, or perhaps a member of Congress from Iowa,
       with a wife and wife's sister. Do they shock your nobility?"
       He looked at her with comical resignation. "You mean to tell me
       that they are quite as good as dowager-countesses. I grant it. My
       aristocratic spirit is broken, Mrs. Lee. I will even ask them to
       dinner if you bid me, and if you will come to meet them. But the
       last time I asked a member of Congress to dine, he sent me back a
       note in pencil on my own envelope that he would bring two of his
       friends with him, very respectable constituents from Yahoo city, or
       some such place; nature's noblemen, he said."
       "You should have welcomed them."
       "I did. I wanted to see two of nature's noblemen, and I knew they
       would probably be pleasanter company than their representative.
       They came; very respectable persons, one with a blue necktie, the
       other with a red one: both had diamond pins in their shirts, and
       were carefully brushed in respect to their hair. They said nothing,
       ate little, drank less, and were much better behaved than I am.
       When they went away, they unanimously asked me to stay with
       them when I visited Yahoo city."
       "You will not want guests if you always do that."
       "I don't know. I think it was pure ignorance on their part. They
       knew no better, and they seemed modest enough. My only
       complaint was that I could get nothing out of them. I wonder
       whether their wives would have been more amusing."
       "Would they be so in England, Lord Skye?"
       He looked down at her with half-shut eyes, and drawled: "You
       know my countrywomen?"
       "Hardly at all."
       "Then let us discuss some less serious subject."
       "Willingly. I have waited for you to explain to me why you have
       to-night an expression of such melancholy."
       "Is that quite friendly, Mrs. Lee? Do I really look melancholy?"
       "Unutterably, as I feel. I am consumed with curiosity to know the
       reason."
       The British minister coolly took a complete survey of the whole
       room, ending with a prolonged stare at the President and his wife,
       who were still mechanically shaking hands; then he looked back
       into her face, and said never a word.
       She insisted: "I must have this riddle answered. It suffocates me. I
       should not be sad at seeing these same people at work or at play, if
       they ever do play; or in a church or a lecture-room. Why do they
       weigh on me like a horrid phantom here?"
       "I see no riddle, Mrs. Lee. You have answered your own question;
       they are neither at work nor at play."
       "Then please take me home at once. I shall have hysterics. The
       sight of those two suffering images at the door is too mournful to
       be borne. I am dizzy with looking at these stalking figures. I don't
       believe they're real.
       I wish the house would take fire. I want an earthquake. I wish
       some one would pinch the President, or pull his wife's hair."
       Mrs. Lee did not repeat the experiment of visiting the White
       House, and indeed for some time afterwards she spoke with little
       enthusiasm of the presidential office. To Senator Ratcliffe she
       expressed her opinions strongly. The Senator tried in vain to argue
       that the people had a right to call upon their chief magistrate, and
       that he was bound to receive them; this being so, there was no less
       objectionable way of proceeding than the one which had been
       chosen. "Who gave the people any such right?" asked Mrs.
       Lee. "Where does it come from? What do they want it for? You
       know better, Mr. Ratcliffe! Our chief magistrate is a citizen like
       any one else. What puts it into his foolish head to cease being a
       citizen and to ape royalty?
       Our governors never make themselves ridiculous. Why cannot the
       wretched being content himself with living like the rest of us, and
       minding his own business? Does he know what a figure of fun he
       is?" And Mrs. Lee went so far as to declare that she would like to
       be the President's wife only to put an end to this folly; nothing
       should ever induce her to go through such a performance; and if
       the public did not approve of this, Congress might impeach her,
       and remove her from office; all she demanded was the right to be
       heard before the Senate in her own defence.
       Nevertheless, there was a very general impression in Washington
       that Mrs.
       Lee would like nothing better than to be in the White House.
       Known to comparatively few people, and rarely discussing even
       with them the subjects which deeply interested her, Madeleine
       passed for a clever, intriguing woman who had her own objects to
       gain. True it is, beyond peradventure, that all residents of
       Washington may be assumed to be in office or candidates for
       office; unless they avow their object, they are guilty of an
       attempt--and a stupid one--to deceive; yet there is a small class of
       apparent exceptions destined at last to fall within the rule. Mrs.
       Lee was properly assumed to be a candidate for office. To the
       Washingtonians it was a matter of course that Mrs. Lee should
       marry Silas P. Ratcliffe. That he should be glad to get a
       fashionable and intelligent wife, with twenty or thirty thousand
       dollars a year, was not surprising. That she should accept the first
       public man of the day, with a flattering chance for the
       Presidency--a man still comparatively young and not without good
       looks--was perfectly natural, and in her undertaking she had the
       sympathy of all well-regulated Washington women who were not
       possible rivals; for to them the President's wife is of more
       consequence than the President; and, indeed, if America only
       knew it, they are not very far from the truth.
       Some there were, however, who did not assent to this good-natured
       though worldly view of the proposed match. These ladies were
       severe in their comments upon Mrs. Lee's conduct, and did not
       hesitate to declare their opinion that she was the calmest and most
       ambitious minx who had ever come within their observation.
       Unfortunately it happened that the respectable and proper Mrs.
       Schuyler Clinton took this view of the case, and made little
       attempt to conceal her opinion. She was justly indignant at her
       cousin's gross worldliness, and possible promotion in rank.
       "If Madeleine Ross marries that coarse, horrid old Illinois
       politician,"
       said she to her husband, "I never will forgive her so long as I live."
       Mr. Clinton tried to excuse Madeleine, and even went so far as to
       suggest that the difference of age was no greater than in their own
       case; but his wife trampled ruthlessly on his argument.
       "At any rate," said she, "I never came to Washington as a widow
       on purpose to set my cap for the first candidate for the Presidency,
       and I never made a public spectacle of my indecent eagerness in
       the very galleries of the Senate; and Mrs. Lee ought to be ashamed
       of herself. She is a cold-blooded, heartless, unfeminine cat."
       Little Victoria Dare, who babbled like the winds and streams, with
       utter indifference as to what she said or whom she addressed, used
       to bring choice bits of this gossip to Mrs. Lee. She always affected
       a little stammer when she said anything uncommonly impudent,
       and put on a manner of languid simplicity. She felt keenly the
       satisfaction of seeing Madeleine charged with her own besetting
       sins. For years all Washington had agreed that Victoria was little
       better than one of the wicked; she had done nothing but violate
       every rule of propriety and scandalise every well-regulated family
       in the city, and there was no good in her. Yet it could not be
       denied that Victoria was amusing, and had a sort of irregular
       fascination; consequently she was universally tolerated. To see
       Mrs. Lee thrust down to her own level was an unmixed pleasure to
       her, and she carefully repeated to Madeleine the choice bits of
       dialogue which she picked up in her wanderings.
       "Your cousin, Mrs. Clinton, says you are a ca-ca-cat, Mrs. Lee."
       "I don't believe it, Victoria. Mrs. Clinton never said anything of the
       sort."
       "Mrs. Marston says it is because you have caught a ra-ra-rat, and
       Senator Clinton was only a m-m-mouse!"
       Naturally all this unexpected publicity irritated Mrs. Lee not a
       little, especially when short and vague paragraphs, soon followed
       by longer and more positive ones, in regard to Senator Ratcliffe's
       matrimonial prospects, began to appear in newspapers, along with
       descriptions of herself from the pens of enterprising female
       correspondents for the press, who had never so much as seen her.
       At the first sight of one of these newspaper articles, Madeleine
       fairly cried with mortification and anger. She wanted to leave
       Washington the next day, and she hated the very thought of
       Ratcliffe. There was something in the newspaper style so
       inscrutably vulgar, something so inexplicably revolting to the
       sense of feminine decency, that she shrank under it as though it
       were a poisonous spider. But after the first acute shame had
       passed, her temper was roused, and she vowed that she would
       pursue her own path just as she had begun, without regard to all
       the malignity and vulgarity in the wide United States. She did not
       care to marry Senator Ratcliffe; she liked his society and was
       flattered by his confidence; she rather hoped to prevent him from
       ever making a formal offer, and if not, she would at least push it
       off to the last possible moment; but she was not to be frightened
       from marrying him by any amount of spitefulness or gossip, and
       she did not mean to refuse him except for stronger reasons than
       these. She even went so far in her desperate courage as to laugh at
       her cousin, Mrs.
       Clinton, whose venerable husband she allowed and even
       encouraged to pay her such public attention and to express
       sentiments of such youthful ardour as she well knew would
       inflame and exasperate the excellent lady his wife.
       Carrington was the person most unpleasantly affected by the
       course which this affair had taken. He could no longer conceal
       from himself the fact that he was as much m love as a dignified
       Virginian could be. With him, at all events, she had shown no
       coquetry, nor had she ever either flattered or encouraged him. But
       Carrington, m his solitary struggle against fate, had found her a
       warm friend; always ready to assist where assistance was needed,
       generous with her money in any cause which he was willing to
       vouch for, full of sympathy where sympathy was more than
       money, and full of resource and suggestion where money and
       sympathy failed. Carrington knew her better than she knew herself.
       He selected her books; he brought the last speech or the last report
       from the Capitol or the departments; he knew her doubts and her
       vagaries, and as far as he understood them at all, helped her to
       solve them.
       Carrington was too modest, and perhaps too shy, to act the part of
       a declared lover, and he was too proud to let it be thought that he
       wanted to exchange his poverty for her wealth. But he was all the
       more anxious when he saw the evident attraction which Ratcliffe's
       strong will and unscrupulous energy exercised over her. He saw
       that Ratcliffe was steadily pushing his advances; that he flattered
       all Mrs. Lee's weaknesses by the confidence and deference with
       which he treated her; and that in a very short time, Madeleine must
       either marry him or find herself looked upon as a heartless
       coquette. He had his own reasons for thinking ill of Senator
       Ratcliffe, and he meant to prevent a marriage; but he had an
       enemy to deal with not easily driven from the path, and quite
       capable of routing any number of rivals.
       Ratcliffe was afraid of no one. He had not fought his own way in
       life for nothing, and he knew all the value of a cold head and
       dogged self-assurance.
       Nothing but this robust Americanism and his strong will carried
       him safely through the snares and pitfalls of Mrs. Lee's society,
       where rivals and enemies beset him on every hand. He was little
       better than a schoolboy, when he ventured on their ground, but
       when he could draw them over upon his own territory of practical
       life he rarely failed to trample on his assailants.
       It was this practical sense and cool will that won over Mrs. Lee,
       who was woman enough to assume that all the graces were well
       enough employed in decorating her, and it was enough if the other
       sex felt her superiority. Men were valuable only in proportion to
       their strength and their appreciation of women. If the senator had
       only been strong enough always to control his temper, he would
       have done very well, but his temper was under a great strain in
       these times, and his incessant effort to control it in politics made
       him less watchful in private life. Mrs. Lee's tacit assumption of
       superior refinement irritated him, and sometimes made him show
       his teeth like a bull-dog, at the cost of receiving from Mrs. Lee a
       quick stroke in return such as a well-bred tortoise-shell cat
       administers to check over-familiarity; innocent to the eye, but
       drawing blood. One evening when he was more than commonly
       out of sorts, after sitting some time in moody silence, he roused
       himself, and, taking up a book that lay on her table, he glanced at
       its title and turned over the leaves. It happened by ill luck to be a
       volume of Darwin that Mrs. Lee had just borrowed from the
       library of Congress.
       "Do you understand this sort of thing?" asked the Senator abruptly,
       in a tone that suggested a sneer.
       "Not very well," replied Mrs. Lee, rather curtly.
       "Why do you want to understand it?" persisted the Senator. "What
       good will it do you?"
       "Perhaps it will teach us to be modest," answered Madeleine, quite
       equal to the occasion.
       "Because it says we descend from monkeys?" rejoined the Senator,
       roughly.
       "Do you think you are descended from monkeys?"
       "Why not?" said Madeleine.
       "Why not?" repeated Ratcliffe, laughing harshly. "I don't like the
       connection. Do you mean to introduce your distant relations into
       society?"
       "They would bring more amusement into it than most of its present
       members,"
       rejoined Mrs. Lee, with a gentle smile that threatened mischief.
       But Ratcliffe would not be warned; on the contrary, the only effect
       of Mrs.
       Lee's defiance was to exasperate his ill-temper, and whenever he
       lost his temper he became senatorial and Websterian. "Such
       books," he began, "disgrace our civilization; they degrade and
       stultify our divine nature; they are only suited for Asiatic
       despotisms where men are reduced to the level of brutes; that they
       should be accepted by a man like Baron Jacobi, I can understand;
       he and his masters have nothing to do in the world but to trample
       on human rights. Mr. Carrington, of course, would approve those
       ideas; he believes in the divine doctrine of flogging negroes; but
       that you, who profess philanthropy and free principles, should go
       with them, is astonishing; it is incredible; it is unworthy of you."
       "You are very hard on the monkeys," replied Madeleine, rather
       sternly, when the Senator's oration was ended. "The monkeys
       never did you any harm; they are not in public life; they are not
       even voters; if they were, you would be enthusiastic about their
       intelligence and virtue. After all, we ought to be grateful to them,
       for what would men do in this melancholy world if they had not
       inherited gaiety from the monkeys--as well as oratory."
       Ratcliffe, to do him justice, took punishment well, at least when it
       came from Mrs. Lee's hands, and his occasional outbursts of
       insubordination were sure to be followed by improved discipline;
       but if he allowed Mrs. Lee to correct his faults, he had no notion of
       letting himself be instructed by her friends, and he lost no chance
       of telling them so. But to do this was not always enough. Whether
       it were that he had few ideas outside of his own experience, or that
       he would not trust himself on doubtful ground, he seemed
       compelled to bring every discussion down to his own level.
       Madeleine puzzled herself in vain to find out whether he did this
       because he knew no better, or because he meant to cover his own
       ignorance.
       "The Baron has amused me very much with his account of
       Bucharest society,"
       Mrs. Lee would say: "I had no idea it was so gay."
       "I would like to show him our society in Peonia," was Ratcliffe's
       reply; "he would find a very brilliant circle there of nature's true
       noblemen."
       "The Baron says their politicians are precious sharp chaps," added
       Mr.
       French.
       "Oh, there are politicians in Bulgaria, are there?" asked the
       Senator, whose ideas of the Roumanian and Bulgarian
       neighbourhood were vague, and who had a general notion that all
       such people lived in tents, wore sheepskins with the wool inside,
       and ate curds: "Oh, they have politicians there! I would like to see
       them try their sharpness in the west."
       "Really!" said Mrs. Lee. "Think of Attila and his hordes running an
       Indiana caucus?"
       "Anyhow," cried French with a loud laugh, "the Baron said that a
       set of bigger political scoundrels than his friends couldn't be found
       in all Illinois."
       "Did he say that?" exclaimed Ratcliffe angrily.
       "Didn't he, Mrs. Lee? but I don't believe it; do you? What's your
       candid opinion, Ratcliffe? What you don't know about Illinois
       politics isn't worth knowing; do you really think those Bulgrascals
       couldn't run an Illinois state convention?"
       Ratcliffe did not like to be chaffed, especially on this subject, but
       he could not resent French's liberty which was only a moderate
       return for the wooden nutmeg. To get the conversation away from
       Europe, from literature, from art, was his great object, and chaff
       was a way of escape.
       Carrington was very well aware that the weak side of the Senator
       lay in his blind ignorance of morals. He flattered himself that Mrs.
       Lee must see this and be shocked by it sooner or later, so that
       nothing more was necessary than to let Ratcliffe expose himself.
       Without talking very much, Carrington always aimed at drawing
       him out. He soon found, however, that Ratcliffe understood such
       tactics perfectly, and instead of injuring, he rather improved his
       position. At times the man's audacity was startling, and even when
       Carrington thought him hopelessly entangled, he would sweep
       away all the hunter's nets with a sheer effort of strength, and walk
       off bolder and more dangerous than ever.
       When Mrs. Lee pressed him too closely, he frankly admitted her
       charges.
       "What you say is in great part true. There is much in politics that
       disgusts and disheartens; much that is coarse and bad. I grant you
       there is dishonesty and corruption. We must try to make the
       amount as small as possible."
       "You should be able to tell Mrs. Lee how she must go to work,"
       said Carrington; "you have had experience. I have heard, it seems
       to me, that you were once driven to very hard measures against
       corruption."
       Ratcliffe looked ill-pleased at this compliment, and gave
       Carrington one of his cold glances that meant mischief. But he
       took up the challenge on the spot:--
       "Yes, I was, and am very sorry for it. The story is this, Mrs. Lee;
       and it is well-known to every man, woman, and child in the State
       of Illinois, so that I have no reason for softening it. In the worst
       days of the war there was almost a certainty that my State would
       be carried by the peace party, by fraud, as we thought, although,
       fraud or not, we were bound to save it. Had Illinois been lost then,
       we should certainly have lost the Presidential election, and with it
       probably the Union. At any rate, I believed the fate of the war to
       depend on the result. I was then Governor, and upon me the
       responsibility rested. We had entire control of the northern
       counties and of their returns. We ordered the returning officers in a
       certain number of counties to make no returns until they heard
       from us, and when we had received the votes of all the southern
       counties and learned the precise number of votes we needed to
       give us a majority, we telegraphed to our northern returning
       officers to make the vote of their districts such and such, thereby
       overbalancing the adverse returns and giving the State to us.
       This was done, and as I am now senator I have a right to suppose
       that what I did was approved. I am not proud of the transaction,
       but I would do it again, and worse than that, if I thought it would
       save this country from disunion. But of course I did not expect Mr.
       Carrington to approve it. I believe he was then carrying out his
       reform principles by bearing arms against the government."
       "Yes!" said Carrington drily; "you got the better of me, too. Like
       the old Scotchman, you didn't care who made the people's wars
       provided you made its ballots.
       Carrington had missed his point. The man who has committed a
       murder for his country, is a patriot and not an assassin, even when
       he receives a seat in the Senate as his share of the plunder. Women
       cannot be expected to go behind the motives of that patriot who
       saves his country and his election in times of revolution.
       Carrington's hostility to Ratcliffe was, however, mild, when
       compared with that felt by old Baron Jacobi. Why the baron should
       have taken so violent a prejudice it is not easy to explain, but a
       diplomatist and a senator are natural enemies, and Jacobi, as an
       avowed admirer of Mrs. Lee, found Ratcliffe in his way. This
       prejudiced and immoral old diplomatist despised and loathed an
       American senator as the type which, to his bleared European eyes,
       combined the utmost pragmatical self-assurance and overbearing
       temper with the narrowest education and the meanest personal
       experience that ever existed in any considerable government. As
       Baron Jacobi's country had no special relations with that of the
       United States, and its Legation at Washington was a mere job to
       create a place for Jacobi to fill, he had no occasion to disguise his
       personal antipathies, and he considered himself in some degree as
       having a mission to express that diplomatic contempt for the
       Senate which his colleagues, if they felt it, were obliged to
       conceal. He performed his duties with conscientious precision. He
       never missed an opportunity to thrust the sharp point of his
       dialectic rapier through the joints of the clumsy and hide-bound
       senatorial self-esteem. He delighted in skilfully exposing to
       Madeleine's eyes some new side of Ratcliffe's ignorance. His
       conversation at such times sparkled with historical allusions,
       quotations in half a dozen different languages, references to
       well-known facts which an old man's memory could not recall
       with precision in all their details, but with which the Honourable
       Senator was familiarly acquainted, and which he could readily
       supply. And his Voltairian face leered politely as he listened to
       Ratcliffe's reply, which showed invariable ignorance of common
       literature, art, and history. The climax of his triumph came one
       evening when Ratcliffe unluckily, tempted by some allusion to
       Molière which he thought he understood, made reference to the
       unfortunate influence of that great man on the religious opinions
       of his time. Jacobi, by a flash of inspiration, divined that he had
       confused Molière with Voltaire, and assuming a manner of
       extreme suavity, he put his victim on the rack, and tortured him
       with affected explanations and interrogations, until Madeleine was
       in a manner forced to interrupt and end the scene. But even when
       the senator was not to be lured into a trap, he could not escape
       assault. The baron in such a case would cross the lines and attack
       him on his own ground, as on one occasion, when Ratcliffe was
       defending his doctrine of party allegiance, Jacobi silenced him by
       sneering somewhat thus:
       "Your principle is quite correct, Mr. Senator. I, too, like yourself,
       was once a good party man: my party was that of the Church; I was
       ultramontane.
       Your party system is one of your thefts from our Church; your
       National Convention is our OEcumenic Council; you abdicate
       reason, as we do, before its decisions; and you yourself, Mr.
       Ratcliffe, you are a Cardinal. They are able men, those cardinals; I
       have known many; they were our best friends, but they were not
       reformers. Are you a reformer, Mr. Senator?"
       Ratcliffe grew to dread and hate the old man, but all his ordinary
       tactics were powerless against this impenetrable eighteenth
       century cynic. If he resorted to his Congressional practise of
       browbeating and dogmatism, the Baron only smiled and turned his
       back, or made some remark in French which galled his enemy all
       the more, because, while he did not understand it, he knew well
       that Madeleine did, and that she tried to repress her smile.
       Ratcliffe's grey eyes grew colder and stonier than ever as he
       gradually perceived that Baron Jacobi was carrying on a set
       scheme with malignant ingenuity, to drive him out of Madeleine's
       house, and he swore a terrible oath that he would not be beaten by
       that monkey-faced foreigner. On the other hand Jacobi had little
       hope of success: "What can an old man do?" said he with perfect
       sincerity to Carrington; "If I were forty years younger, that great
       oaf should not have his own way. Ah! I wish I were young again
       and we were in Vienna!" From which it was rightly inferred by
       Carrington that the venerable diplomatist would, if such acts were
       still in fashion, have coolly insulted the Senator, and put a bullet
       through his heart. _