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Pillars of Society
Act I.
Henrik Ibsen
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       (SCENE.--A spacious garden-room in the BERNICKS' house. In the foreground on the left is a door leading to BERNICK'S business room; farther back in the same wall, a similar door. In the middle of the opposite wall is a large entrance-door, which leads to the street. The wall in the background is almost wholly composed of plate-glass; a door in it opens upon a broad flight of steps which lead down to the garden; a sun-awning is stretched over the steps.Below the steps a part of the garden is visible,bordered by a fence with a small gate in it. On the other side of the fence runs a street, the opposite side of which is occupied by small wooden houses painted in bright colours. It is summer, and the sun is shining warmly. People are seen, every now and then, passing along the street and stopping to talk to one another; others going in and out of a shop at the corner, etc.
       In the room a gathering of ladies is seated round a table. MRS. BERNICK is presiding; on her left side are MRS. HOLT and her daughter NETTA, and next to them MRS. RUMMEL and HILDA RUMMEL. On MRS. BERNICK'S right are MRS. LYNGE, MARTHA BERNICK and DINA DORF. All the ladies are busy working. On the table lie great piles of linen garments and other articles of clothing, some half finished, and some merely cut out. Farther back, at a small table on which two pots of flowers and a glass of sugared water are standing, RORLUND is sitting, reading aloud from a book with gilt edges, but only loud enough for the spectators to catch a word now and then. Out in the garden OLAF BERNICK is running about and shooting at a target with a toy crossbow.
       After a moment AUNE comes in quietly through the door on the right. There is a slight interruption in the reading. MRS. BERNICK nods to him and points to the door on the left. AUNE goes quietly across, knocks softly at the door of BERNICK'S room, and after a moment's pause, knocks again. KRAP comes out of the room, with his hat in his hand and some papers under his arm.)
       KRAP
       Oh, it was you knocking?
       AUNE
       Mr. Bernick sent for me.
       KRAP
       He did--but he cannot see you. He has deputed me to tell you--
       AUNE
       Deputed you? All the same, I would much rather--
       KRAP
       --deputed me to tell you what he wanted to say to you. You must give up these Saturday lectures of yours to the men.
       AUNE
       Indeed? I supposed I might use my own time--
       KRAP
       You must not use your own time in making the men useless in working hours. Last Saturday you were talking to them of the harm that would be done to the workmen by our new machines and the new working methods at the yard. What makes you do that?
       AUNE
       I do it for the good of the community.
       KRAP
       That's curious, because Mr. Bernick says it is disorganising the community.
       AUNE
       My community is not Mr. Bernick's, Mr. Krap! As President of the Industrial Association, I must--
       KRAP
       You are, first and foremost, President of Mr. Bernick's shipbuilding yard; and, before everything else, you have to do your duty to the community known as the firm of Bernick & Co.; that is what every one of us lives for. Well, now you know what Mr. Bernick had to say to you.
       AUNE
       Mr. Bernick would not have put it that way, Mr. Krap! But I know well enough whom I have to thank for this. It is that damned American boat. Those fellows expect to get work done here the way they are accustomed to it over there, and that--
       KRAP
       Yes, yes, but I can't go into all these details. You know now what Mr. Bernick means, and that is sufficient. Be so good as to go back to the yard; probably you are needed there. I shall be down myself in a little while. --Excuse me, ladies! (Bows to the ladies and goes out through the garden and down the street. AUNE goes quietly out to the right. RORLUND, who has continued his reading during the foregoing conversation, which has been carried on in low tones, has now come to the end of the book, and shuts it with a bang.)
       RORLUND
       There, my dear ladies, that is the end of it.
       MRS. RUMMEL
       What an instructive tale!
       MRS. HOLT
       And such a good moral!
       MRS. BERNICK
       A book like that really gives one something to think about.
       RORLUND
       Quite so; it presents a salutary contrast to what, unfortunately, meets our eyes every day in the newspapers and magazines. Look at the gilded and painted exterior displayed by any large community, and think what it really conceals!--emptiness and rottenness, if I may say so; no foundation of morality beneath it. In a word, these large communities of ours now-a-days are whited sepulchres.
       MRS. HOLT
       How true! How true!
       MRS. RUMMEL
       And for an example of it, we need look no farther than at the crew of the American ship that is lying here just now.
       RORLUND
       Oh, I would rather not speak of such offscourings of humanity as that. But even in higher circles--what is the case there? A spirit of doubt and unrest on all sides; minds never at peace, and instability characterising all their behaviour. Look how completely family life is undermined over there! Look at their shameless love of casting doubt on even the most serious truths!
       DINA (without looking up from her work)
       But are there not many big things done there too?
       RORLUND
       Big things done--? I do not understand--.
       MRS. HOLT (in amazement)
       Good gracious, Dina--!
       MRS. RUMMEL (in the same breath)
       Dina, how can you--?
       RORLUND
       I think it would scarcely be a good thing for us if such "big things" became the rule here. No, indeed, we ought to be only too thankful that things are as they are in this country. It is true enough that tares grow up amongst our wheat here too, alas; but we do our best conscientiously to weed them out as well as we are able. The important thing is to keep society pure, ladies--to ward off all the hazardous experiments that a restless age seeks to force upon us.
       MRS.HOLT
       And there are more than enough of them in the wind, unhappily.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, you know last year we only by a hair's breadth escaped the project of having a railway here.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Ah, my husband prevented that.
       RORLUND
       Providence, Mrs. Bernick. You may be certain that your husband was the instrument of a higher Power when he refused to have anything to do with the scheme.
       MRS.BERNICK
       And yet they said such horrible things about him in the newspapers! But we have quite forgotten to thank you, Mr. Rorlund. It is really more than friendly of you to sacrifice so much of your time to us.
       RORLUND
       Not at all. This is holiday time, and--
       MRS.BERNICK
       Yes, but it is a sacrifice all the same, Mr. Rorlund.
       RORLUND (drawing his chair nearer)
       Don't speak of it, my dear lady. Are you not all of you making some sacrifice in a good cause?--and that willingly and gladly? These poor fallen creatures for whose rescue we are working may be compared to soldiers wounded on the field of battle; you, ladies, are the kind-hearted sisters of mercy who prepare the lint for these stricken ones, lay the bandages softly on their wounds, heal them and cure them.
       MRS.BERNICK
       It must be a wonderful gift to be able to see everything in such a beautiful light.
       RORLUND
       A good deal of it is inborn in one--but it can be to a great extent acquired, too. All that is needful is to see things in the light of a serious mission in life. (To MARTHA:) What do you say, Miss Bernick? Have you not felt as if you were standing on firmer ground since you gave yourself up to your school work?
       MARTHA
       I really do not know what to say. There are times, when I am in the schoolroom down there, that I wish I were far away out on the stormy seas.
       RORLUND
       That is merely temptation, dear Miss Bernick. You ought to shut the doors of your mind upon such disturbing guests as that. By the "stormy seas"--for of course you do not intend me to take your words literally--you mean the restless tide of the great outer world, where so many are shipwrecked. Do you really set such store on the life you hear rushing by outside? Only look out into the street. There they go, walking about in the heat of the sun, perspiring and tumbling about over their little affairs. No, we undoubtedly have the best of it, who are able to sit here in the cool and turn our backs on the quarter from which disturbance comes.
       MARTHA
       Yes,I have no doubt you are perfectly right.
       RORLUND
       And in a house like this,in a good and pure home, where family life shows in its fairest colours--where peace and harmony rule-- (To MRS. BERNICK:) What are you listening to, Mrs. Bernick?
       MRS.BERNICK (who has turned towards the door of BERNICK'S room)
       They are talking very loud in there.
       RORLUND
       Is there anything particular going on?
       MRS.BERNICK
       I don't know. I can hear that there is somebody with my husband.
       (HILMAR TONNESEN, smoking a cigar, appears in the doorway on the right, but stops short at the sight of the company of ladies.)
       HILMAR
       Oh, excuse me-- (Turns to go back.)
       MRS.BERNICK
       No, Hilmar, come along in; you are not disturbing us. Do you want something?
       HILMAR
       No, I only wanted to look in here--Good morning, ladies. (To MRS. BERNICK :) Well, what is the result?
       MRS.BERNICK
       Of what?
       HILMAR
       Karsten has summoned a meeting, you know.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Has he? What about?
       HILMAR
       Oh, it is this railway nonsense over again.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Is it possible?
       MRS.BERNICK
       Poor Karsten, is he to have more annoyance over that?
       RORLUND
       But how do you explain that, Mr. Tonnesen? You know that last year Mr. Bernick made it perfectly clear that he would not have a railway here.
       HILMAR
       Yes, that is what I thought, too; but I met Krap, his confidential clerk, and he told me that the railway project had been taken up again, and that Mr. Bernick was in consultation with three of our local capitalists.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Ah, I was right in thinking I heard my husband's voice.
       HILMAR
       Of course Mr. Rummel is in it, and so are Sandstad and Michael Vigeland,"Saint Michael", as they call him.
       RORLUND
       Ahem!
       HILMAR
       I beg your pardon, Mr. Rorlund?
       MRS.BERNICK
       Just when everything was so nice and peaceful.
       HILMAR
       Well, as far as I am concerned, I have not the slightest objection to their beginning their squabbling again. It will be a little diversion, any way.
       RORLUND
       I think we can dispense with that sort of diversion.
       HILMAR
       It depends how you are constituted. Certain natures feel the lust of battle now and then. But unfortunately life in a country town does not offer much in that way, and it isn't given to every one to (turns the leaves of the book RORLUND has been reading). " Woman as the Handmaid of Society." What sort of drivel is this?
       MRS.BERNICK
       My dear Hilmar, you must not say that. You certainly have not read the book.
       HILMAR
       No, and I have no intention of reading it, either.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Surely you are not feeling quite well today.
       HILMAR
       No, I am not.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Perhaps you did not sleep well last night?
       HILMAR
       No, I slept very badly. I went for a walk yesterday evening for my health's sake; and I finished up at the club and read a book about a Polar expedition. There is something bracing in following the adventures of men who are battling with the elements.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       But it does not appear to have done you much good, Mr. Tonnesen.
       HILMAR
       No, it certainly did not. I lay all night tossing about, only half asleep, and dreamt that I was being chased by a hideous walrus.
       OLAF (who meanwhile has come up the steps from the garden)
       Have you been chased by a walrus, uncle?
       HILMAR
       I dreamt it, you duffer! Do you mean to say you are still playing about with that ridiculous bow? Why don't you get hold of a real gun?
       OLAF
       I should like to, but--
       HILMAR
       There is some sense in a thing like that; it is always an excitement every time you fire it off.
       OLAF
       And then I could shoot bears, uncle. But daddy won't let me.
       MRS.BERNICK
       You really mustn't put such ideas into his head, Hilmar.
       HILMAR
       Hm! It's a nice breed we are educating up now-a-days, isn't it! We talk a great deal about manly sports, goodness knows--but we only play with the question, all the same; there is never any serious inclination for the bracing discipline that lies in facing danger manfully. Don't stand pointing your crossbow at me, blockhead--it might go off!
       OLAF
       No, uncle, there is no arrow in it.
       HILMAR
       You don't know that there isn't--there may be, all the same. Take it away, I tell you !--Why on earth have you never gone over to America on one of your father's ships? You might have seen a buffalo hunt then, or a fight with Red Indians.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Oh, Hilmar--!
       OLAF
       I should like that awfully, uncle; and then perhaps I might meet Uncle Johan and Aunt Lona.
       HILMAR
       Hm!--Rubbish.
       MRS.BERNICK
       You can go down into the garden again now, Olaf.
       OLAF
       Mother, may I go out into the street too?
       MRS.BERNICK
       Yes, but not too far, mind.
       (OLAF runs down into the garden and out through the gate in the fence.)
       RORLUND
       You ought not to put such fancies into the child's head, Mr. Tonnesen.
       HILMAR
       No, of course he is destined to be a miserable stay-at-home, like so many others.
       RORLUND
       But why do you not take a trip over there yourself?
       HILMAR
       I? With my wretched health? Of course I get no consideration on that account. But putting that out of the question, you forget that one has certain obligations to perform towards the community of which one forms a part. There must be some one here to hold aloft the banner of the Ideal.--Ugh, there he is shouting again !
       THE LADIES
       Who is shouting?
       HILMAR
       I am sure I don't know. They are raising their voices so loud in there that it gets on my nerves.
       MRS.BERNICK
       I expect it is my husband, Mr. Tonnesen. But you must remember he is so accustomed to addressing large audiences.
       RORLUND
       I should not call the others low-voiced, either.
       HILMAR
       Good Lord, no!--not on any question that touches their pockets. Everything here ends in these petty material considerations. Ugh!
       MRS.BERNICK
       Anyway, that is a better state of things than it used to be when everything ended in mere frivolity.
       MRS.LYNGE
       Things really used to be as bad as that here?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Indeed they were, Mrs. Lynge. You may think yourself lucky that you did not live here then.
       MRS.HOLT
       Yes, times have changed, and no mistake, when I look back to the days when I was a girl.
       MRS. RUMMEL
       Oh, you need not look back more than fourteen or fifteen years. God forgive us, what a life we led! There used to be a Dancing Society and a Musical Society--
       MRS.BERNICK
       And the Dramatic Club. I remember it very well.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, that was where your play was performed, Mr. Tonnesen.
       HILMAR (from the back of the room)
       What, what?
       RORLUND
       A play by Mr. Tonnesen?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, it was long before you came here, Mr. Rorlund. And it was only performed once.
       MRS.LYNGE
       Was that not the play in which you told me you took the part of a young man's sweetheart, Mrs. Rummel?
       MRS.RUMMEL (glancing towards RORLUND)
       I? I really cannot remember, Mrs.Lynge. But I remember well all the riotous gaiety that used to go on.
       MRS.HOLT
       Yes, there were houses I could name in which two large dinner-parties were given in one week.
       MRS.LYNGE
       And surely I have heard that a touring theatrical company came here, too?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, that was the worst thing of the lot.
       MRS.HOLT (uneasily)
       Ahem!
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Did you say a theatrical company? No, I don't remember that at all.
       MRS.LYNGE
       Oh yes, and I have been told they played all sorts of mad pranks. What is really the truth of those stories?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       There is practically no truth in them, Mrs. Lynge.
       MRS.HOLT
       Dina, my love, will you give me that linen?
       MRS.BERNICK (at the same time)
       Dina, dear, will you go and ask Katrine to bring us our coffee?
       MARTHA
       I will go with you, Dina. (DINA and MARTHA go out by the farther door on, the left.)
       MRS. BERNICK (getting up)
       Will you excuse me for a few minutes? I think we will have our coffee outside. (She goes out to the verandah and sets to work to lay a table. RORLUND stands in the doorway talking to her. HILMAR sits outside, smoking.)
       MRS. RUMMEL (in a low voice)
       My goodness, Mrs. Lynge, how you frightened me!
       MRS.LYNGE
       I?
       MRS.HOLT
       Yes, but you know it was you that began it, Mrs. Rummel.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       I? How can you say such a thing, Mrs. Holt? Not a syllable passed my lips!
       MRS.LYNGE
       But what does it all mean?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       What made you begin to talk about--? Think--did you not see that Dina was in the room?
       MRS.LYNGE
       Dina? Good gracious, is there anything wrong with--?
       MRS.HOLT
       And in this house, too! Did you not know it was Mrs. Bernick's brother--?
       MRS.LYNGE
       What about him? I know nothing about it at all; I am quite new to the place, you know.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Have you not heard that--? Ahem! (To her daughter) Hilda, dear, you can go for a little stroll in the garden?
       MRS.HOLT
       You go too, Netta. And be very kind to poor Dina when she comes back. (HILDA and NETTA go out into the garden.)
       MRS.LYNGE
       Well, what about Mrs. Bernick's brother?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Don't you know the dreadful scandal about him?
       MRS.LYNGE
       A dreadful scandal about Mr. Tonnesen?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Good Heavens, no. Mr. Tonnesen is her cousin, of course, Mrs. Lynge. I am speaking of her brother--
       MRS.HOLT
       The wicked Mr. Tonnesen--
       MRS.RUMMEL
       His name was Johan. He ran away to America.
       MRS.HOLT
       Had to run away, you must understand.
       MRS.LYNGE
       Then it is he the scandal is about?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes; there was something--how shall I put it?--there was something of some kind between him and Dina's mother. I remember it all as if it were yesterday. Johan Tonnesen was in old Mrs. Bernick's office then; Karsten Bernick had just come back from Paris--he had not yet become engaged--
       MRS.LYNGE
       Yes, but what was the scandal?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Well, you must know that Moller's company were acting in the town that winter--
       MRS.HOLT
       And Dorf, the actor, and his wife were in the company. All the young men in the town were infatuated with her.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, goodness knows how they could think her pretty. Well, Dorf came home late one evening--
       MRS.HOLT
       Quite unexpectedly.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       And found his-- No, really it isn't a thing one can talk about.
       MRS.HOLT
       After all, Mrs. Rummel, he didn't find anything, because the door was locked on the inside.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, that is just what I was going to say--he found the door locked. And--just think of it--the man that was in the house had to jump out of the window.
       MRS.HOLT
       Right down from an attic window.
       MRS.LYNGE
       And that was Mrs. Bernick's brother?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, it was he.
       MRS.LYNGE
       And that was why he ran away to America?
       MRS.HOLT
       Yes, he had to run away, you may be sure.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Because something was discovered afterwards that was nearly as bad; just think--he had been making free with the cash- box...
       MRS.HOLT
       But, you know, no one was certain of that, Mrs. Rummel; perhaps there was no truth in the rumour.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Well, I must say--! Wasn't it known all over the town? Did not old Mrs. Bernick nearly go bankrupt as the result of it? However, God forbid I should be the one to spread such reports.
       MRS.HOLT
       Well, anyway, Mrs. Dorf didn't get the money, because she--
       MRS.LYNGE
       Yes, what happened to Dina's parents afterwards?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Well, Dorf deserted both his wife and his child. But madam was impudent enough to stay here a whole year. Of course she had not the face to appear at the theatre any more, but she kept herself by taking in washing and sewing--
       MRS.HOLT
       And then she tried to set up a dancing school.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Naturally that was no good. What parents would trust their children to such a woman? But it did not last very long. The fine madam was not accustomed to work; she got something wrong with her lungs and died of it.
       MRS.LYNGE
       What a horrible scandal!
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Yes, you can imagine how hard it was upon the Bernicks. It is the dark spot among the sunshine of their good fortune, as Rummel once put it. So never speak about it in this house, Mrs. Lynge.
       MRS.HOLT
       And for heaven's sake never mention the stepsister, either!
       MRS.LYNGE
       Oh, so Mrs. Bernick has a step-sister, too?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Had, luckily-- for the relationship between them is all over now. She was an extraordinary person too! Would you believe it, she cut her hair short, and used to go about in men's boots in bad weather!
       MRS.HOLT
       And when her step-brother,the black sheep, had gone away, and the whole town naturally was talking about him--what do you think she did? She went out to America to him!
       MR.RUMMEL
       Yes, but remember the scandal she caused before she went, Mrs. Holt.
       MRS.HOLT
       Hush, don't speak of it.
       MRS.LYNGE
       My goodness, did she create a scandal too?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       I think you ought to hear it, Mrs. Lynge. Mr. Bernick had just got engaged to Betty Tonnesen, and the two of them went arm in arm into her aunt's room to tell her the news--
       MRS.HOLT
       The Tonnesens' parents were dead, you know--
       MRS.RUMMEL
       When, suddenly, up got Lona Hessel from her chair and gave our refined and well-bred Karsten Bernick such a box on the ear that his head swam.
       MRS.LYNGE
       Well, I am sure I never--
       MRS.HOLT
       It is absolutely true.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       And then she packed her box and went away to America.
       MRS.LYNGE
       I suppose she had had her eye on him for herself.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Of course she had. She imagined that he and she would make a match of it when he came back from Paris.
       MRS.HOLT
       The idea of her thinking such a thing! Karsten Bernick--a man of the world and the pink of courtesy, a perfect gentleman, the darling of all the ladies...
       MRS.RUMMEL
       And, with it all, such an excellent young man, Mrs. Holt--so moral.
       MRS.LYNGE
       But what has this Miss Hessel made of herself in America?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Well, you see, over that (as my husband once put it) has been drawn a veil which one should hesitate to lift.
       MRS.LYNGE
       What do you mean?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       She no longer has any connection with the family, as you may suppose; but this much the whole town knows, that she has sung for money in drinking saloons over there--
       MRS.HOLT
       And has given lectures in public--
       MRS.RUMMEL
       And has published some mad kind of book.
       MRS.LYNGE
       You don't say so! Mrs.Rummel: Yes, it is true enough that Lona Hessel is one of the spots on the sun of the Bernick family's good fortune. Well, now you know the whole story, Mrs. Lynge. I am sure I would never have spoken about it except to put you on your guard.
       MRS.LYNGE
       Oh, you may be sure I shall be most careful. But that poor child Dina Dorf! I am truly sorry for her.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Well, really it was a stroke of good luck for her. Think what it would have meant if she had been brought up by such parents! Of course we did our best for her, every one of us, and gave her all the good advice we could. Eventually Miss Bernick got her taken into this house.
       MRS.HOLT
       But she has always been a difficult child to deal with. It is only natural--with all the bad examples she had had before her. A girl of that sort is not like one of our own; one must be lenient with her.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Hush--here she comes. (In a louder voice.) Yes, Dina is really a clever girl. Oh, is that you, Dina? We are just putting away the things.
       MRS.HOLT
       How delicious your coffee smells, my dear Dina. A nice cup of coffee like that--
       MRS.BERNICK (calling in from the verandah)
       Will you come out here? (Meanwhile MARTHA and DINA have helped the Maid to bring out the coffee. All the ladies seat themselves on the verandah, and talk with a great show of kindness to DINA. In a few moments DINA comes back into the room and looks for her sewing.)
       Mrs. Bernick(from the coffee table)
       Dina, won't you--?
       DINA
       No, thank you. (Sits down to her sewing. MRS. BERNICK and RORLUND exchange a few words; a moment afterwards he comes back into the room, makes a pretext for going up to the table, and begins speaking to DINA in low tones.)
       RORLUND
       Dina.
       DINA
       Yes?
       RORLUND
       Why don't you want to sit with the others?
       DINA
       When I came in with the coffee, I could see from the strange lady's face that they had been talking about me.
       RORLUND
       But did you not see as well how agreeable she was to you out there?
       DINA
       That is just what I will not stand
       RORLUND
       You are very self-willed, Dina.
       DINA
       Yes.
       RORLUND
       But why?
       DINA
       Because it is my nature.
       RORLUND
       Could you not try to alter your nature?
       DINA
       No.
       RORLUND
       Why not?
       DINA (looking at him)
       Because I am one of the "poor fallen creatures", you know.
       RORLUND
       For shame, Dina.
       DINA
       So was my mother.
       RORLUND
       Who has spoken to you about such things?
       DINA
       No one; they never do. Why don't they? They all handle me in such a gingerly fashion, as if they thought I should go to pieces if they---. Oh, how I hate all this kind-heartedness.
       RORLUND
       My dear Dina, I can quite understand that you feel repressed here, but--
       DINA
       Yes; if only I could get right away from here. I could make my own way quite well, if only I did not live amongst people who are so--so--
       RORLUND
       So what?
       DINA
       So proper and so moral.
       RORLUND
       Oh but, Dina, you don't mean that.
       DINA
       You know quite well in what sense I mean it. Hilda and Netta come here every day, to be exhibited to me as good examples. I can never be so beautifully behaved as they; I don't want to be. If only I were right away from it all, I should grow to be worth something.
       RORLUND
       But you are worth a great deal, Dina dear.
       DINA
       What good does that do me here?
       RORLUND
       Get right away, you say? Do you mean it seriously?
       DINA
       I would not stay here a day longer, if it were not for you.
       RORLUND
       Tell me, Dina--why is it that you are fond of being with me?
       DINA
       Because you teach me so much that is beautiful.
       RORLUND
       Beautiful? Do you call the little I can teach you, beautiful?
       DINA
       Yes. Or perhaps, to be accurate, it is not that you teach me anything; but when I listen to you talking I see beautiful visions.
       RORLUND
       What do you mean exactly when you call a thing beautiful?
       DINA
       I have never thought it out.
       RORLUND
       Think it out now, then. What do you understand by a beautiful thing?
       DINA
       A beautiful thing is something that is great--and far off.
       RORLUND
       Hm!--Dina, I am so deeply concerned about you, my dear.
       DINA
       Only that?
       RORLUND
       You know perfectly well that you are dearer to me than I can say.
       DINA
       If I were Hilda or Netta, you would not be afraid to let people see it.
       RORLUND
       Ah, Dina, you can have no idea of the number of things I am forced to take into consideration. When it is a man's lot to be a moral pillar of the community he lives in, he cannot be too circumspect. If only I could be certain that people would interpret my motives properly. But no matter for that; you must, and shall be, helped to raise yourself. Dina, is it a bargain between us that when I come--when circumstances allow me to come - -to you and say: "Here is my hand," you will take it and be my wife? Will you promise me that, Dina?
       DINA
       Yes.
       RORLUND
       Thank you, thank you! Because for my part, too--oh, Dina, I love you so dearly. Hush! Some one is coming. Dina--for my sake--go out to the others.(She goes out to the coffee table. At the same moment RUMMEL, SANDSTAD and VIGELAND come out of BERNICK'S room, followed by Bernick, who has a bundle of papers in his hand.)
       BERNICK
       Well, then, the matter is settled.
       VIGELAND
       Yes, I hope to goodness it is.
       RUMMEL
       It is settled, Bernick. A Norseman's word stands as firm as the rocks on Dovrefjeld, you know!
       BERNICK
       And no one must falter, no one give way, no matter what opposition we meet with.
       RUMMEL
       We will stand or fall together, Bernick.
       HILMAR (coming in from the verandah)
       Fall? If I may ask, isn't it the railway scheme that is going to fall?
       BERNICK
       No, on the contrary, it is going to proceed--
       RUMMEL
       Full steam, Mr. Tonnesen.
       HILMAR (coming nearer)
       Really?
       RORLUND
       How is that?
       Mrs. Bernick(at the verandah door)
       Karsten, dear, what is it that--?
       BERNICK
       My dear Betty, how can it interest you? (To the three men.) We must get out lists of subscribers, and the sooner the better. Obviously our four names must head the list. The positions we occupy in the community makes it our duty to make ourselves as prominent as possible in the affair.
       SANDSTAD
       Obviously, Mr. Bernick.
       RUMMEL
       The thing shall go through, Bernick; I swear it shall!
       BERNICK
       Oh, I have not the least anticipation of failure. We must see that we work, each one among the circle of his own acquaintances; and if we can point to the fact that the scheme is exciting a lively interest in all ranks of society, then it stands to reason that our Municipal Corporation will have to contribute its share.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Karsten, you really must come out here and tell us--
       BERNICK
       My dear Betty, it is an affair that does not concern ladies at all.
       HILMAR
       Then you are really going to support this railway scheme after all?
       BERNICK
       Yes, naturally.
       RORLUND
       But last year, Mr. Bernick--
       BERNICK
       Last year it was quite another thing. At that time it was a question of a line along the coast--
       VIGELAND
       Which would have been quite superfluous, Mr. Rorlund; because, of course, we have our steamboat service--
       SANDSTAD
       And would have been quite unreasonably costly--
       RUMMEL
       Yes, and would have absolutely ruined certain important interests in the town.
       BERNICK
       The main point was that it would not have been to the advantage of the community as a whole. That is why I opposed it, with the result that the inland line was resolved upon.
       HILMAR
       Yes, but surely that will not touch the towns about here.
       BERNICK
       It will eventually touch our town, my dear Hilmar, because we are going to build a branch line here.
       HILMAR
       Aha--a new scheme, then?
       RUMMEL
       Yes, isn't it a capital scheme? What?
       RORLUND
       Hm!--
       VIGELAND
       There is no denying that it looks as though Providence had just planned the configuration of the country to suit a branch line.
       RORLUND
       Do you really mean it, Mr. Vigeland?
       BERNICK
       Yes, I must confess it seems to me as if it had been the hand of Providence that caused me to take a journey on business this spring, in the course of which I happened to traverse a valley through which I had never been before. It came across my mind like a flash of lightning that this was where we could carry a branch line down to our town. I got an engineer to survey the neighbourhood, and have here the provisional calculations and estimate; so there is nothing to hinder us.
       Mrs.Bernick (who is still with the other ladies at the verandah door): But, my dear Karsten, to think that you should have kept it all a secret from us!
       BERNICK
       Ah, my dear Betty, I knew you would not have been able to grasp the exact situation. Besides, I have not mentioned it to a living soul until today. But now the decisive moment has come, and we must work openly and with all our might. Yes, even if I have to risk all I have for its sake, I mean to push the matter through.
       RUMMEL
       And we will back you up, Bernick; you may rely upon that.
       RORLUND
       Do you really promise us so much, then, from this undertaking, gentlemen?
       BERNICK
       Yes, undoubtedly. Think what a lever it will be to raise the status of our whole community. Just think of the immense tracts of forest-land that it will make accessible; think of all the rich deposits of minerals we shall be able to work; think of the river with one waterfall above another! Think of the possibilities that open out in the way of manufactories!
       RORLUND
       And are you not afraid that an easier intercourse with the depravity of the outer world--?
       BERNICK
       No, you may make your mind quite easy on that score, Mr. Rorlund. Our little hive of industry rests now-a-days, God be thanked, on such a sound moral basis; we have all of us helped to drain it, if I may use the expression; and that we will continue to do, each in his degree. You, Mr. Rorlund, will continue your richly blessed activity in our schools and our homes. We, the practical men of business, will be the support of the community by extending its welfare within as wide a radius as possible; and our women--yes, come nearer ladies--you will like to hear it-- our women, I say, our wives and daughters--you, ladies-- will work on undisturbed in the service of charity, and moreover will be a help and a comfort to your nearest and dearest, as my dear Betty and Martha are to me and Olaf.(Looks around him.) Where is Olaf today?
       MRS. BERNICK
       Oh, in the holidays it is impossible to keep him at home.
       BERNICK
       I have no doubt he is down at the shore again. You will see he will end by coming to some harm there.
       HILMAR
       Bah! A little sport with the forces of nature
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Your family affection is beautiful, Mr. Bernick!
       BERNICK
       Well, the family is the kernel of society. A good home, honoured and trusty friends, a little snug family circle where no disturbing elements can cast their shadow-- (KRAP comes in from the right, bringing letters and papers.)
       KRAP
       The foreign mail, Mr. Bernick--and a telegram from New York.
       BERNICK (taking the telegram)
       Ah--from the owners of the "Indian Girl".
       RUMMEL
       Is the mail in? Oh, then you must excuse me.
       VIGELAND
       And me too.
       SANDSTAD
       Good day, Mr. Bernick.
       BERNICK
       Good day, good day, gentlemen. And remember, we have a meeting this afternoon at five o'clock.
       THE THREE MEN
       Yes--quite so--of course. (They go out to the right.)
       BERNICK (who has read the telegram)
       This is thoroughly American! Absolutely shocking!
       MRS.BERNICK
       Good gracious, Karsten, what is it?
       BERNICK
       Look at this, Krap! Read it!
       KRAP (reading)
       "Do the least repairs possible. Send over 'Indian Girl' as soon as she is ready to sail; good time of year; at a pinch her cargo will keep her afloat." Well, I must say--
       RORLUND
       You see the state of things in these vaunted great communities!
       BERNICK
       You are quite right; not a moment's consideration for human life, when it is a question of making a profit. (To KRAP:) Can the "Indian Girl" go to sea in four--or five--days?
       KRAP
       Yes, if Mr. Vigeland will agree to our stopping work on the "Palm Tree" meanwhile.
       BERNICK
       Hm--he won't. Well, be so good as to look through the letters. And look here, did you see Olaf down at the quay?
       KRAP
       No, Mr. Bernick. (Goes into BERNICK'S room.)
       BERNICK (looking at the telegram again)
       These gentlemen think nothing of risking eight men's lives--
       HILMAR
       Well, it is a sailor's calling to brave the elements; it must be a fine tonic to the nerves to be like that, with only a thin plank between one and the abyss--
       BERNICK
       I should like to see the ship-owner amongst us who would condescend to such a thing! There is not one that would do it-- not a single one! (Sees OLAF coming up to the house.) Ah, thank Heaven, here he is, safe and sound. (OLAF, with a fishing-line in his hand, comes running up the garden and in through the verandah.)
       OLAF
       Uncle Hilmar, I have been down and seen the steamer.
       BERNICK
       Have you been down to the quay again?
       OLAF
       No, I have only been out in a boat. But just think, Uncle Hilmar, a whole circus company has come on shore, with horses and animals; and there were such lots of passengers.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       No, are we really to have a circus?
       RORLUND
       We? I certainly have no desire to see it.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       No, of course I don't mean we, but--
       DINA
       I should like to see a circus very much.
       OLAF
       So should I.
       HILMAR
       You are a duffer. Is that anything to see? Mere tricks. No, it would be something quite different to see the Gaucho careering over the Pampas on his snorting mustang. But,Heaven help us, in these wretched little towns of ours.
       OLAF (pulling at MARTHA'S dress)
       Look, Aunt Martha! Look, there they come!
       MRS.HOLT
       Good Lord, yes--here they come.
       MRS.LYNGE
       Ugh, what horrid people!
       (A number of passengers and a whole crowd of townsfolk, are seen coming up the street.)
       MRS.RUMMEL
       They are a set of mountebanks, certainly. Just look at that woman in the grey dress, Mrs. Holt--the one with a knapsack over her shoulder.
       MRS.HOLT
       Yes--look--she has slung it on the handle of her parasol. The manager's wife, I expect.
       MRS.RUMMEL
       And there is the manager himself, no doubt. He looks a regular pirate. Don't look at him, Hilda!
       MRS.HOLT
       Nor you, Netta!
       OLAF
       Mother, the manager is bowing to us.
       BERNICK
       What?
       MRS. BERNICK
       What are you saying, child?
       MRS. RUMMEL
       Yes, and--good Heavens--the woman is bowing to us too.
       BERNICK
       That is a little too cool--
       MARTHA (exclaims involuntarily)
       Ah--!
       MRS.BERNICK
       What is it, Martha?
       MARTHA
       Nothing, nothing. I thought for a moment--
       OLAF (shrieking with delight)
       Look, look, there are the rest of them, with the horses and animals! And there are the Americans, too! All the sailors from the "Indian Girl"! (The strains of "Yankee Doodle," played on a clarinet and a drum, are heard.)
       HILMAR (stopping his ears)
       Ugh, ugh, ugh!
       RORLUND
       I think we ought to withdraw ourselves from sight a little, ladies; we have nothing to do with such goings on. Let us go to our work again.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Do you think we had better draw the curtains?
       RORLUND
       Yes, that was exactly what I meant.
       (The ladies resume their places at the work-table; RORLUND shuts the verandah door, and draws the curtains over it and over the windows, so that the room becomes half dark.)
       OLAF (peeping out through the curtains)
       Mother, the manager's wife is standing by the fountain now, washing her face.
       MRS.BERNICK
       What? In the middle of the marketplace?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       And in broad daylight, too!
       HILMAR
       Well, I must say if I were travelling across a desert waste and found myself beside a well, I am sure I should not stop to think whether--. Ugh, that frightful clarinet!
       RORLUND
       It is really high time the police interfered.
       BERNICK
       Oh no; we must not be too hard on foreigners. Of course these folk have none of the deep-seated instincts of decency which restrain us within proper bounds. Suppose they do behave outrageously, what does it concern us? Fortunately this spirit of disorder, that flies in the face of all that is customary and right, is absolutely a stranger to our community, if I may say so--. What is this! (LONA HESSEL walks briskly in from the door on the right.)
       THE LADIES (in low, frightened tones)
       The circus woman! The manager's wife!
       MRS.BERNICK
       Heavens, what does this mean?
       MARTHA (jumping up)
       Ah--!
       LONA
       How do you do, Betty dear! How do you do, Martha! How do you do, brother-in-law!
       MRS.BERNICK (with a cry)
       Lona--!
       BERNICK (stumbling backwards)
       As sure as I am alive--!
       MRS.HOLT
       Mercy on us--!
       MRS.RUMMEL
       It cannot possibly be--!
       HILMAR
       Well! Ugh!
       MRS.BERNICK
       Lona--! Is it really--?
       LONA
       Really me? Yes, indeed it is; you may fall on my neck if you like.
       HILMAR
       Ugh, ugh!
       MRS.BERNICK
       And coming back here as--?
       MRS.BERNICK
       And actually mean to appear in--?
       LONA
       Appear? Appear in what?
       BERNICK
       Well, I mean--in the circus--
       LONA
       Ha, ha, ha! Are you mad, brother-in-law? Do you think I belong to the circus troupe? No,certainly I have turned my hand to a good many things and made a fool of myself in a good many ways--
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Hm!
       LONA
       But I have never tried circus riding.
       BERNICK
       Then you are not--?
       MRS.BERNICK
       Thank Heaven!
       LONA
       No, we travelled like other respectable folk, second-class, certainly, but we are accustomed to that.
       MRS.BERNICK
       We, did you say?
       BERNICK (taking a step for-ward)
       Whom do you mean by "we"?
       LONA
       I and the child, of course.
       THE LADIES (with a cry)
       The child!
       HILMAR
       What?
       RORLUND
       I really must say--!
       MRS.BERNICK
       But what do you mean, Lona?
       LONA
       I mean John, of course; I have no other child, as far as I know, but John, or Johan as you used to call him.
       MRS.BERNICK
       Johan--
       MRS.RUMMEL (in an undertone to MRS. LYNGE)
       The scapegrace brother!
       BERNICK (hesitatingly)
       Is Johan with you?
       LONA
       Of course he is; I certainly would not come without him. Why do you look so tragical? And why are you sitting here in the gloom, sewing white things? There has not been a death in the family, has there?
       RORLUND
       Madam,you find yourself in the Society for Fallen Women.
       LONA (half to herself)
       What? Can these nice, quiet-looking ladies possibly be--?
       MRS.RUMMEL
       Well, really--!
       LONA
       Oh, I understand! But, bless my soul, that is surely Mrs. Rummel? And Mrs. Holt sitting there too! Well, we three have not grown younger since the last time we met. But listen now, good people; let the Fallen Women wait for a day--they will be none the worse for that. A joyful occasion like this--
       RORLUND
       A home-coming is not always a joyful occasion.
       LONA
       Indeed? How do you read your Bible, Mr. Parson?
       RORLUND
       I am not a parson.
       LONA
       Oh, you will grow into one, then. But--faugh!--this moral linen of yours smells tainted,just like a winding-sheet. I am accustomed to the air of the prairies, let me tell you.
       BERNICK (wiping his forehead)
       Yes, it certainly is rather close in here.
       LONA
       Wait a moment; we will resurrect ourselves from this vault. (Pulls the curtains to one side) We must have broad daylight in here when the boy comes. Ah, you will see a boy then that has washed himself.
       HILMAR
       Ugh!
       LONA (opening the verandah door and window)
       I should say, when he has washed himself, up at the hotel--for on the boat he got piggishly dirty.
       HILMAR
       Ugh, ugh!
       LONA
       Ugh? Why, surely isn't that--? (Points at HILDAR and asks the others): Is he still loafing about here saying "Ugh"?
       HILMAR
       I do not loaf; it is the state of my health that keeps me here.
       RORLUND
       Ahem! Ladies, I do not think--
       LONA (who has noticed OLAF)
       Is he yours, Betty? Give me a paw, my boy! Or are you afraid of your ugly old aunt?
       RORLUND (putting his book under his arm)
       Ladies, I do not think any of us is in the mood for any more work today. I suppose we are to meet again tomorrow?
       LONA (while the others are getting up and taking their leave)
       Yes, let us. I shall be on the spot.
       RORLUND
       You? Pardon me, Miss Hessel, but what do you propose to do in our Society?
       LONA
       I will let some fresh air into it, Mr. Parson.